Pharmacokinetics
The time required for 50% of a given drug to be removed from the body
What is Half Life?
A client is prescribed to receive vancomycin 1 g in 250 mL dextrose 5% (D5W) over 2 hr by IVPB. The nurse should set the IV pump to deliver how many mL/hr? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number)
What is 125 mL/hr?
250mL
2hr
Plant components, including bark, berries, roots, leaves, gums, seeds, stems, and flowers, used for their medicinal qualities
What are herbs?
Part of the nursing process by which a practitioner integrates knowledge of medical and drug-related facts with information about a patient’s medical and social history.
What is assessment?
This trimester of pregnancy is generally the period of greatest danger of drug-induced developmental defects
What is the first trimester?
The primary organ responsible for excretion
What is the kidney?
An adolescent client is prescribed to receive Cefpodoxime 5 mg/kg PO every 12 hr for 5 days. The client weighs 88 lb. How many mg should the nurse administer per dose? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number
What is 200mg?
88lb 1kg 5mg
2.2 lbs kg
The nurse associates use of which OTC medication with the development of hepatotoxicity?
What is Acetaminophen (Tylenol)?
A preventable situation involving compromise of the “Eight Rights”; they occur during prescribing, dispensing, administering, or monitoring of drug therapy.
What is medication error?
This is a type of effect of drugs or other chemicals that result in structural defects in the fetus.
What is teratogenic?
The ratio of a drug’s toxic level to the level that provides therapeutic benefits
What is therapeutic index?
A client with a deep vein thrombosis and is prescribed heparin by continuous IV infusion at 1,200 units/hr. Available is heparin 25,000 units in 500 mL D5W. The nurse should set the IV pump to deliver how many mL/hr? (Round the answer to the nearest tenth/whole number)
What is 24 mL/hr?
1,200units 500ml
hr 25,000 unit
True or False: Herbal products are not FDA-approved drugs
What is true?
The governing body that is responsible for approving drugs for clinical safety and efficacy before they are brought to the market, involving stringent steps, each of which may take years.
What is the FDA?
The process in pharmacokinetics where biochemical alteration into an inactive metabolite, a soluble compound, a potent active metabolite, or less active metabolite occurs.
What is metabolism?
When the combination of two drugs results in drug effects that are less than the sum of the effects for each drug given separately.
What is antagonistic effect?
A client is prescribed to receive 0.9 Normal Saline at 150 mL/hr by continuous IV infusion for 12 hr. The drop factor of the manual IV tubing is 20 gtt/mL. The nurse should set the manual IV infusion to deliver how many gtt/min? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number.
What is 50 gtt/min?
150mL 20gtt 1hr
hr mL 60min
The simultaneous use of both traditional and alternative medicine
What is complementary medicine?
The drug name that should be used when performing any type of patient education.
What is generic name?
The phrase referring to a decreasing response to repeated drug doses.
What is tolerance?
The extent of drug absorption
What is bioavailability?
A nurse is preparing to administer dextrose 5% in water (D5W) 150 mL IV to infuse over 3 hr. The drop factor of the manual IV tubing is 10 gtt/mL. The nurse should set the manual IV infusion to deliver how many gtt/min? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number)
What is 8 gtt/min?
150mL 10gtt 1hr
3 hr mL 60min
A problem associated with OTC drug use
What is postpone effective management of chronic disease states and delay treatment of serious and/or life-threatening disorders?
The type of effect that occurs when two drugs administered together interact in such a way that their combined effects are greater than the sum of the effects for each drug given alone.
What is synergistic effect?
A large proportion of a drug is chemically changed into inactive metabolites in the liver, then a smaller amount will pass into the circulation. This scenario is known as
What is high first-pass effect?