Dsysrhythmias
The heart's intrinsic pacemaker?
What is the SA node?
This drug class is a coronary vasodilator that is used to treat anginal symptoms by dilating the coronary arteries.
What are nitrates?
This condition causes aching, cramping, tightness, or weakness that occurs during exercise due to obstruction of blood flow through the arteries resulting in ischemia to the muscles supported by those arteries. During the early stages of the disorder, symptoms are eased by stopping the exercise.
What is intermittent claudication?
The nurse knows that the class of antidysrhythmic drugs that is effective in inhibiting cardiac response to sympathetic nerve stimulation, and as a result, reduces heart rate, blood pressure, and cardiac output.
What are beta-adrenergic blocking agents?
A nurse is assessing a client who is taking digoxin. Which of the following findings is a manifestation of digoxin toxicity?
1. Bruising
2. Report of metallic taste
3. Muscle pain
4. Report of anorexia
What is report of anorexia.
S/S of digoxin toxicity:
anorexia, blurred vision, stomach pain, diarrhea
Occurs when there is a disturbance of the normal electrical conduction, resulting in an abnormal heart muscle contraction or heart rate.
What is a dysrhythmia?
One sublingual tablet given at the onset of pain, followed by a second and third at 5 minute intervals for pain that does not subside with the first dose.
NOTE: Call 911 if pain is not relieved within 5 minutes with the first dose of NTG.
What is NTG SL tablet?
Caused by vasospasm (vasoconstriction of blood vessels) and subsequent ischemia of the arteries of the skin of the hands, fingers, and sometimes the toes.
What is Raynaud disease?
The two calcium channel blockers that can be used as part of a rate or rhythm control strategy for AF. There are two types of calcium channel blockers, dihydropyridines and non-dihydropyridines. These drugs belong to the non-dihydropyridines group.
Dihydropyridines such as amlodipine and nifedipine control blood pressure or angina.
What are diltiazem and verapamil?
A nurse is preparing to administer propranolol to a client who has a dysrhythmia. Which of the following actions shouldthe nurse plan to take?
1. Hold the medication for a pulse rate greater than 100 b/m
2. Administer the medication to increase the client's BP
3. Assist the client when sitting up or standing after taking this medication
4. Check for hypokalemia frequently due to the risk for propranolol toxicity
Assist the client when sitting up or standing after taking this medication.
Orthostatic hypotension
Medication used to treat Atrial Fibrillation.
1. Irbasartan
2. Tramadol
3. Omeprazole
4. Digoxin
What is Digoxin?
This reason that this medication is kept in a dark container.
What is heat hastens the deterioration of the medication?
The calcium channel blockers used in the treatment of intermittent claudication.
What are diltiazem, verapamil, and nifedipine?
A common side effect of nitroglycerin, used to treat angina, can be eased with the use of acetaminophen or aspirin.
What is a headache?
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving heparin by continuous IV infusion. The client begins vomiting blood . After the heparin infusion is stopped, which of the following medications should the nurse prepare to administer?
1. Vitamin K
2. Atropine
3. Protamine
4. Calcium gluconate
What is Protamine?
Drug given IV to control life-threatening supraventricular tachydysrhythmias. It is infused slowly over 10 minutes, then followed with a continuous drip.
What is amiodarone?
Do not rub or massage this drug into the skin and rotate topical application sites. Use areas of the skin that do not contain hair. Do not shave hair, but use scissors to clip the hair if needing these sites.
What is how to apply NTG ointment?
This drug has a direct vasodilator effect when applied as an ointment base to the hands of patients with Raynaud disease. The treatment reduces the frequency and severity of attacks, but the adverse effects of dizziness, headache, and postural hypotension limit its use.
What is NTG ointment?
A common side-effect of this medication used in the treatment of patients with an acute MI or heart failure with left ventricular systolic dysfunction. The initial doses of this drug class may cause hypotension with dizziness, tachycardia, and fainitng. Symptoms occur within 3 hours afgter the first several doses.
What is a ACE inhibitor?
A nurse is monitoring a client who takes aspirin daily. The nurse should identify which of the following manifestations as adverse effects of aspirin?
1. Hypertension
2. Coffee-ground emesis
3. Tinnitus
4. Paresthesias of the extremities
5. Nausea
What are coffee-ground emesis, tinnitus, and nausea?
The nurse recognized that it is important to monitor this assessment indicator with a patient with a dysrhythmia because findings will indicate renal perfusion.
What is monitoring hourly urine output?
Apply the topical medication and leave it in place for 12 - 14 hours, followed by a 10-12 hour drug-free interval, then reapply for another 12-14 hours.
Control of diet, high BP, smoking, weight, and diabetes will significantly help with these diseases.
What are peripheral arterial disease?
Results in vasodilation and inhibition of platelet aggregation and is used to treat intermittent claudication.
What is cilostazol (drug class platelet agrregation inhibitor)?
Inhibit cardiac response to sympathetic nerve stimulation by blocking the beta receptors. As a result, the heart rate, systolic BP, and cardiac output are reduces.
What are Class II antidysrhythmic agegens: :Beta-adrenergic blocking agents?