Child Resistant PPPA 1970
What does PPPA stand for?
Packaging and Poison Prevention Act
What does OSHA stand for?
Occupational Safety and Health Administration
What is the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1990?
A federal law outlining responsibilities of pharmacists and the pharmacy for counseling of medicaid patients (now it applies to everyone).
Only pharmacists can counsel patients and offer counsel on medication use.
Pharmacists must complete medication records and they must DUR’s (Drug Utilization Reviews) before dispensing meds.
Where do you place the Rx label on the original prescription, and what do you do with it?
On the back of the original prescription, and must be filed
What are some forms of abuse in a pharmacy setting?
Using illegal substances
Billing for unnecessary medical services
What does the PPPA do?
requires specific child resistant packaging for all prescriptions unless excluded by the PPPA, inpatient medications or otherwise requested by prescriber or patient. packaging is required to function in that 80% of children under 5 years old cannot open container and 90% of adults CAN open within 5 minutes
What does OSHA do?
Helps ensure safe and healthy working conditions by setting and enforcing standards
What are indicators of prescription forgery?
Very neat handwriting
Appears photocopied
Multiple ink colors
No medical/pharmacy acceptance abbreviations
Unusually large amount of medication
Visible alteration
Patient Profiles should contain what information?
Demographics
SSN
RX History
Medication Allergies & Intolerances
Chronic Conditions or Diseases
Insurance Information
Patient Notes or Preferences
Why was the Opioid Rapid Response program created?
Reduce the risk of overdose deaths
Why do medications have child prevention packaging on them?
To make it more challenging for children under five to open, slowing them down and reducing fatalities
How do you dispose of sharps?
Dispose of them immediately in a rigid, designated, impenetrable container - usually red with a biohazard symbol
What are some examples of healthcare fraud that pharmacies must watch out for?
Submitting false health insurance claims
Using someone else’s insurance card
Forging/altering prescriptions
Selling personal prescriptions
Patient records are referred to what under OBRA
“Patient Profiles”
Which act regulates the manufacture, importation, possession, use, and distribution of medications and substances that have the potential for abuse and/or psychological dependence?
Controlled Substances Act
If patients wish for a non-child-proof cap on a prescription, what must they do?
Must sign a waiver, where the pharmacy will keep this on file. Then, affix a warning label on the prescription bottle
How do you dispose of hazardous materials?
Usually placed in a waste receptacle, which is typically yellow
In the instance that you detect fraudulent behavior, what are the measures you should take?
Refuse the prescriptions, alert law enforcement, and use the government reporting system to document this encounter.
In most cases, original prescriptions, either electronic or physical, must be kept for a minimum of:
2 years
When was HIPAA established?
1996
What form of drug is not permitted to have a child-proof cap?
Nitroglycerin sublingual tablets. They must be dispensed in their original unopened containers
How do you dispose of biological materials?
Biological materials go in a red bag
What is considered “waste” or “wasteful behavior” in the pharmaceutical profession?
Inefficiencies within the system causing dispensed products to become unused or adding unnecessary cost to dispensing medications
Patient non-adherence to the prescription
Dispensing a brand name (if alternatives could supplement it)
Changes in medication therapy regimens or transition of care that could cause the already-dispensed medication to no longer be used by the new provider or system.
What is wrong with submitting the brand name medication to insurance while dispensing the generic version?
What is the best description for a black box warning?
The FDA’s strongest warning about serious or life-threatening risks/ high risk potential