Dosage Forms
What are the 3 major categories of dosage forms?
Solids, liquids, and semi-solids
What are the top 4 things that goes on a stock bottle label?
Medication name, medication strength, legend statement, and storage requirements.
Pharmacokinetics is the many different components of the actions of the body on a drug. With that being said, what is the first phase of the body on a drug?
Absorption of the drug throughout the body.
It is placed between the cheek and gum
What is pharmacodynamics?
The effects of the drug on the body
Solids can be administered by almost all routes EXCEPT?
Parenterally
Explain quantity, dosage form, manufacturer's name, and controlled-substance mark?
Quantities of products
Dosage form identifies if it is a tablet,capsule, topical ointment, and liquid suspension.
The manufacturer company that made the drug's name must be on packaging
Controlled-substance mark must be with roman numerals or with a C.
What is phase 2?
Distribution through the body via the bloodstream into tissues, membranes and, ultimately, organs.
What is the most commonly used sublingual tablet?
Nitroglycerin
What are inhalants used for?
To treat lung diseases
What are the 2 ways a tablet can be administered?
Sublingually or vaginally
Explain lot number and expiration date
Lot number or controlled number marks medications belonging to a particular batch. Recalled drugs are are identified by lot number.
Expiration date is the time period between the date of manufacture and the year listed.
What happens after distribution?
Metabolism - takes place in the liver and can change the chemical structure of the original drug.
What does PR stand for? Why are they used?
Rectal agents
Used for people who are vomiting and cannot take oral medications.
what is a packaging requirement?
Medications are packaged according to manufacturers’ specifications to ensure the effectiveness and shelf life of the drug
What are the 4 types of capsules?
Hard capsules, pulvule, spansule, soft gelatin
Explain the NDC number and the 3 different parts.
NDC number is assigned by the manufacturer and gives information about the medication.
the first 5 numbers identify the manufacturer, the next four digits identify the name, strength, and dosage form. The last 2 digits identify package size.
What is the first-pass effect?
For some drugs, the dose travels to the liver, and part of it is metabolized before the drug has a chance to be distributed throughout the body.
Why are topical agents used?
These agents fight skin infections, inflammation, and block ultraviolet rays of the sun.
What is a storage requirement?
All medications have a package insert that describes the storage and stability of the drug
What are troches and biomaterials?
Troches is a type of tablet that dissolves in the mouth and biomaterials are polymers that combine with or encapsulate a drug
The symbol C-II appears overprinted in a contrasting color on a stock bottle label. What does the symbol convey?
Controlled Substance
What are the different components of the life of a drug?
Outside of the intestine or side of the intestine.
Example: IV, IM, or SC
All drugs must be approved by who?
FDA