States of Matter
Which state of matter has a definite shape and volume?
Solid
What happens to particle motion when heat is added?
Particles move faster
Solid → Liquid
Melting
What does a flat line on a heating curve represent?
➡️ A phase change
Ice melting — physical or chemical?
➡️ Physical
Which state of matter takes the shape of its container but keeps its volume?
Liquid
What happens to particle motion when energy is removed?
Particles slow down
Liquid → Gas
➡️ Evaporation / Boiling / Vaporization
Why does temperature stay constant during melting or boiling?
➡️ Energy is used to break bonds, not raise temperature
Rust forming — physical or chemical?
➡️ Chemical
Which state has the fastest moving particles?
Gas
What does temperature measure?
➡️ Average kinetic energy of particles
Gas → Liquid
Condensation
During which parts does the temperature actually increase?
➡️ Solid heating, liquid heating, gas heating
Dissolving sugar in water — physical or chemical?
➡️ Physical
What do all states of matter have in common?
Made of particles, have mass, take up space, always moving
Which state has particles vibrating in place?
➡️ Solid
Solid → Gas
Sublimation
Label this phase: 0°C and not rising for several minutes
➡️ Melting
Burning wood — physical or chemical?
Chemical
What state of matter are neon lights made of?
Plasma
Why do gases spread out to fill the entire container?
➡️ They have high kinetic energy and move freely
Which phase changes absorb energy? Name two.
➡️ Melting, vaporization, sublimation
What is happening to the particles during boiling?
➡️ They gain energy, break free, and become gas particles
How can you tell if a chemical change has occurred?
➡️ New substance forms (gas, color change, light, smell, precipitate)