Freedom of Movement
Which phase (solid, liquid, or gas) has molecules with the MOST Freedom of Movement?
Gas molecules have the most freedom of movement.
When a substance changes from a liquid to a gas, what is the process called?
Evaporation
How would you describe the molecular attraction in a wooden desk?
The molecular attraction would be quite high and strong between them because a wooden desk is made of a solid substance
Describe the speed of molecules in a liquid compared to those of a gas?
Speed of molecule in a liquid would be slower than those in a gas because there is less kinetic energy
Which phase (solid, liquid, gas) has the LEAST Freedom of Movement?
Solid molecules have least freedom of movement
When a substance changes from gas to liquid, what is this process called?
Condensation
Do liquids or gases have higher molecular attraction?
Liquids have higher molecular attraction and are closer together as they "move around each other" in comparison to "moving away". Picture molecules in a crowd: it is harder for a molecule to squeeze through other molecules as a liquid than it is for a gas molecule.
Would water vapor molecules or your shoe's molecules have more kinetic energy?
Water vapor because the molecules of a solid have less kinetic energy than those in a gas state
Which phase (solid, liquid, gas) has SOME freedom of movement but not the least?
Liquids fall in between gases and solids and have a moderate amount of freedom of movement
A tree forming ice on its branches is an example of what phase change process?
Freezing
Describe molecular attraction in your own words
Molecular attraction is the attraction between molecules and how close they are to one another
Which phase of a substance has the lowest amount of kinetic energy at room temperature before any phase change occurs?
Solids
List the phases (solid, liquid, gas) from the MOST freedom of movement to the LEAST. Also include an image to show your thinking.
Gas
Liquid
Solid
Drawings should go from spread out to close together
A popsicle on the counter is going to undergo which phase change process?
Melting
Molecular attraction is far greater in a solid than a gas. In a gas, the molecular attraction is quite low as the molecules bounce around and away from each other
How does temperature and kinetic energy interact in phase change?
The more energy that is applied to something, the higher the temperature is. Therefore the connection between energy and temperature is the driving factor behind phase change
Challenge Question: Which molecules do you think has the greater freedom of movement? Explain your answer.
1. Molecules in chocolate in a cookie
2. Molecules in the cookie part of a sugar cookie
On the MOLECULAR SCALE, describe how water forms on the side of a cold soda can
On the molecular scale, gas is turning to liquid. Therefore, the molecules of gas in the air are interacting with the coldness of the can, which is slowing down the molecules and making them closer together. This allows them to turn from having a gas-like properties to liquid which has less freedom of movement and higher molecular attraction.
What does a substance need to overcome in order to change phase?
Molecular attraction / the threshold that changes the bonds and attraction level between molecules which can be done through temperature / energy
Describe how energy / kinetic energy is involved in the process of evaporation
When energy from the sun is transferred to energy in the liquid puddle, the speed of molecules increased along with the kinetic energy and temperature. This also results in freedom of movement to change. As the liquid puddle turns to water vapor, the freedom of movement increased along with kinetic energy.