Vocabulary
Phase Transitions
Molecules in a Phase
Macroscale
Molecular Scale
100
What is Thermal Energy?
The energy associated with the molecular motion of an object (also known as heat).
100
In Evaporation, the substance transitions from the _______ phase to the _______ phase.
Liquid Phase to Solid Phase
100
Name each phase of matter!
Solid, Liquid, and Gas
100
Melting because we see the atoms beginning to flow around each other as the solid disappears.
100
What State of Matter is shown?
Liquid
200
What is Temperature?
A measure of thermal energy (hotness or coldness).
200
In Condensation, the substance transitions from the _______ phase to the _______ phase.
Gas phase to the liquid phase.
200
What phase of matter has the highest energy level?
Gasses have the highest energy level of all three States of Matter.
200
Freezing, because we see the liquid become rigid and unable to flow.
200
What State of Matter is shown?
300
What is a Phase Transition?
The addition or removal of energy when a substance changes from a solid, liquid, or gas state to a different state.
300
In Sublimation, the substance transitions from the _______ phase directly to the _______ phase.
Solid phase directly to the gas phase.
300
What phase of matter has the lowest energy level?
Solids have the lowest energy level of all three States of Matter.
300
Condensation because the water vapor in the air is slowing down and condensing on the cold glass
300
Describe the molecular motion of a solid.
The molecules of a solid vibrate slightly in place.
400
What is the Second Law of Thermodynamics?
Heat transfers from an object of higher temperature to objects of a lower temperature.
400
In Deposition, the substance transitions from the _______ phase directly to the _______ phase.
Gas phase directly to the solid phase.
400
What are the properties of a solid? Name all three.
Rigid, Fixed Shape, and Fixed Volume
400
Evaporation, because the molecules of the liquid are evaporating into invisible water vapor
400
Describe the molecular motion of a liquid.
A liquid’s atoms flow freely around each other but do not expand to fill their container.
500
What is Freedom of Movement?
The degree of particle movement within a substance. This movement is achieved through the particles gaining thermal energy.
500
What phase transition is shown?
H2O (l) ---> H2O (s)
Freezing
500
What are the properties of a Liquid? Name all three.
Not rigid (flow), no fixed shape, but a fixed volume
500
The phase change is Deposition because it is changing from a Gas to a Solid, skipping the Liquid phase.
500
Describe the molecules of a gas.
The molecules of a gas move about freely and quickly with lots of space between the molecules.
600
What is the difference between a physical and chemical change?
In a physical change the appearance or form of the matter changes but the kind of matter in the substance does not
600
What phase transition is shown?
CO2 (s) ---> CO2 (g)
Sublimation
600
What are the properties of a Gas? Name all three.
Not rigid (flow), no fixed shape, and no fixed volume.
600
The phase change is Sublimation because it is changing from a Solid to a Gas, skipping the Liquid phase.
600
What Phase Transition has occurred?
Evaporation