Atoms, Elements, Compounds, Mixtures
The basic building block of matter, and the smallest unit of a chemical element that retains its unique properties.
What is atom?
What happens when molecules lose a lot of heat energy?
They freeze/become a solid
How long has the water on Earth existed?
For as long as the earth has existed (4.5 billion years)
A pure substance consisting of only one type of atom that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means.
What is an element?
When a solid becomes a liquid because of heat, what happens to the atoms?
Speed up, break away from each other and start to slide all over
List the three main stages of the water cycle.
Evaporation, condensation and precipitation
Saltwater, air, and trail mix are examples of this category, where two or more substances are physically combined rather than chemically bonded.
What is a mixture?
What happens when liquids are exposed to air?
They evaporate. They molecules break away and mix into the air
What is the scientific term for rain?
Precipitation
Water (H2O) and table salt (NaCl) are examples of these, which are formed when two or more different elements are chemically combined in a fixed ratio.
What is a compound?
Why don’t gas atoms stay together like a solid or a liquid?
Because they vibrate and move around so much
Define evaporation and give an example of where you might see this in real life.
When liquid water from the earth evaporates into the atmosphere (turns into water vapour). For example, water evaporates from the ocean into the air
Unlike compounds, mixtures can be separated into their component parts using these types of processes, such as filtration, distillation, or magnetism.
What are physical methods (or physical processes)?
When an object’s atoms are packed closer together, then that object tends to have high or a low density?
High Density
What is it called when water drops form on an object like a water bottle?
Condensation
Define condensation, and explain why it occurs when the water gets higher into the atmosphere.
Condensation is when water vapour in the atmosphere turns back into a liquid. This occurs when the water gets higher because it gets COLDER. The particles lose heat, which is energy, and the particles begin to slow down and turn back into a liquid