Deductive Logic
A set of premises meant to establish a conclusion.
What is an argument?
The argument "P1: The previous 7 frogs were green. C: So, the next 3 frogs will be green" is an example of this kind of inference.
What is a sample to sample inference?
On this view, probabilities are measures of the agent's degree of belief in a proposition being true or event occurring.
What is the subjective interpretation?
This ratio expresses the relative frequency of an attribute in some collective.
What is m/n?
Irritable, compressible, soluble.
What are dispositions?
From "If P, then Q" and "P," conclude "Q"
What is modus ponens?
The argument "P1: This bunch of bananas from Dillons is tasty. C: So, every bunch of bananas from Dillons is tasty" is an example of this kind of inference.
What is a sample to population inference?
On this view, probabilities are relative frequencies (of attributes) in finite empirical collectives.
What is frequentist view (1)?
These objections assert that there is no probability for historical events, a specific patient's odds of survival, or individual members of a collective.
What are single case objections?
If a coin lands on heads 300 times in 350 flips, it is this many times more disposed to land on heads than tails.
What is six times?
An argument has this property if it's impossible for all its premises to be true and its conclusion false.
What is validity?
The argument: "P1: Caesar crossed the Rubicon. C: So, Caesar just liked crossing rivers" is an example of this kind of inference
What is an inference to the best explanation?
On this view, probabilities are "out there" as features of the real world
What is the objective interpretation?
This law asserts that relative frequencies of attributes in collectives become increasingly stable as observations increase.
What is the law of stability?
This objection to the propensity view asserts that there may be no frequency in single cases even though there is one in the long run.
What is Humphreys' objection?
These propositions are true if and only if their antecedent is false or their consequent is true.
What are conditionals?
The argument "P1: Meatwad says you should follow your dreams. C: So, you should follow your dreams" is an example of this kind of inference.
On this view, probabilities are propensities of experimental setups to realize outcomes in a single case.
What is propensity view (1)?
This objection to frequentist view (2) points out that there may be no frequency in the limit for sequences like "HTHHTTHHHHTTTT..."
What is the reference class objection?
From "If P, then Q" and "not Q," conclude "not P"
What is modus tollens?
The argument: "P1: 9/13 of the dealer's cards are worth less than ten. P2: The dealer draws a card at random. C: So, the card the dealer draws is probably worth less than ten" is an example of this kind of inference.
What is a population to sample inference?
On this view, probabilities are relative frequencies (of attributes) in infinite mathematical collectives.
What is frequentist view (3)?
This objection asserts that the relative frequency of an attribute in some collective depends on how the outcomes are ordered.
What is the reference sequence objection?
This objection asserts that if a single case propensity is well-defined for Pr(A/B), then one is also so defined for Pr(B/A) when it should not be.
What is Humphreys' paradox?