PHILOSOP-WHO?
"COGITO ERGO SUM"
"I think, therefore, I am."
Who said it? (Full name)
Rene Descartes
DOUBLE POINTS
Socratic Method is the process where two interlocutors take turns in ______ and _________, gradually eliminating what is questionable to arrive at truth?
questioning, answering
ANALOGY:
Perceptual Illusion : Senses:: Uncertainty : _________________
a) Truth
b) Knowledge
c) Certainty
d) Belief
a) Truth
According to the correspondence theory of truth, the statement "Snow is white" is true if and only if snow is actually white in objective reality.
TRUE - This perfectly captures the essence of correspondence theory: a statement is true when it matches or corresponds to objective reality. The truth of "Snow is white" depends on the actual color of snow in the world.
According to ______________, truth is connected to the ___________ of knowledge.
Mortimer Adler, pursuit
FILL IN THE BLANKS: Opinion is __________ belief that may or may not be true, while Knowledge is __________ truth that must be true.
subjective, objective
In pragmatism, this approach commonly uses good judgment to make decisions, rather than relying solely on abstract principles or established doctrines.
Common Sense Approach
A pragmatist would be most concerned with whether a belief accurately reflects the ultimate nature of reality.
FALSE - A pragmatist would be least concerned with ultimate reality and most concerned with practical effectiveness, successful predictions, and workable solutions.
ANALOGY: Descartes is to Rationalism as __________ is to Empiricism.
a) Spinoza
b) Hegel
c) Locke
d) James
c) Locke
The five types of evaluating opinions include: Authority and Source, Relevance and Reliability, Context and Purpose, _________________ and _________________, and Hasty Generalization and Assumption.
preconception, bias
DOUBLE POINTS
ANALOGY:
Socratic Method : Dialogue :: Methodic Doubt : _________________
Skepticism / doubt and inquiry
The coherence theory can handle contradictory evidence by simply rejecting any facts that don't fit the existing belief system.
FALSE - A proper coherence theory must account for evidence and maintain genuine consistency, not simply reject inconvenient facts to preserve existing beliefs.
DOUBLE POINTS:
According to _________________, one teaches by asking leading questions that guide students to discovering the subject matter rather than simply telling students what they need to know.
Nicholas Smith
This the theory that all knowledge is derived from sense, observation and experience is blank _________. While ________ is the belief or theory that opinions and actions should be based on reason and knowledge
Empiricism, Rationalism
Which statement about the Methodic Doubt is INCORRECT?
a) It is derived from the idea of doubting a belief
b) It is a sense rather than a rational insight
c) It helps establish certainty by questioning beliefs
d) It involves systematically questioning until indubitable truths are found
b) It is a sense rather than a rational insight
Relativism necessarily implies that all cultural beliefs are equally valid and should be respected equally.
FALSE - Relativism about truth doesn't necessarily imply that all beliefs are equally valid or deserving of respect - it only claims that truth varies by context or culture.
FILL IN THE BLANKS: DOUBLE POINTS
The Correspondence Theory of Truth is associated with __________ and __________, while Pragmatism is linked to __________ and __________.
Aristotle, Bertrand Russell;
William James, John Dewey
DOUBLE POINTS:
Truth is unchanging, while human understanding of it continues to develop. This concept is known as _______________.
The Immutability of Truth
As opposed by skepticism, this doctrine that states that the attitude of asserting beliefs as undeniably true, often without sufficient evidence or consideration of alternative viewpoints.
Dogmatism
The correspondence theory faces the challenge that we cannot access reality independent of our sensory and cognitive limitations.
TRUE - This correctly identifies the fundamental epistemological challenge to correspondence theory - we cannot step outside our own cognitive apparatus to verify correspondence.