Founding Fathers
Wrote the Declaration of Independence
Who is Thomas Jefferson?
German philosopher, came up with the theory of Marxism( the basics for communism).
What was Karl Marx?
What was the Enlightenment?
What is a period of philosophical and intellectual growth from 1685 to 1815?
Made the statement that all men have the right to pursue “Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Property.”
Who is John Locke?
"Life, liberty, and property"
What are natural rights?
Known as "Father of the Constitution"
Who is James Madison?
Greek philosopher that developed a formal system of reasoning(forming logic).
What was Aristotle?
What did Isaac Newton bring to Enlightenment?
What are scientific ideas and theories, as well as advanced mathematics?
Promoted the idea of forming a new nation to realize its promise
Who is Thomas Paine?
Idea associated with theories of the founders that gov't can and should be legally limited in it's powers
What is Constitutionalism?
Opposed taxation without representation
Who is John Adams?
Greek philosopher that theorized that conflicting people in society along with nature can be harmonized.
What was Plato?
Social contract is defined as:
What is an agreement between the government and the people in which the government must act for the protection of the people and their rights in exchange for power?
Came up "Social Contract" and people asserted his idea into the Declaration of Independence.
Who is Jean-Jacques Rousseau?
Discipline when it comes to morally good or bad behaviors
What is ethics?
Ensured that state power did not trump federal authority
Who is Alexander Hamilton?
German philosopher that came up with "transcendental idealism" which distinguishes nature vs. the observable world.
What was Immanuel Kant?
This philosopher inspired the founding fathers to use the idea of a limited government and ensure unalienable rights.
Who is John Locke?
Came up with dividing the government into three branches (Legislative, Executive, and Judicial)
Who is Charles Montesquieu?
The idea that all knowledge is derived from sense-experience
What is Empiricism?
Wrote the Virginia Declaration of Rights, a precursor to the national Bill of Rights
Who is George Mason?
French Philosopher who came up with "Cartesian Dualism" Theory that mind and body cannot exist without the other.
What was Rene Descartes?
They advocated for social reform and equality
Who is Francois-Marie Voltaire?