Existence of God
The view which states there is no God
What is atheism
The view which states that free will and determinism are compatible
What is compatibilism
The kind of AI that is currently found in smartphones
What is weak AI
The branch of ethics that deals with the most foundational questions (e.g. what is morality?)
What is metaethics
The founder of the school of Epicureanism
Who is Epicurus
The view which states God exists
What is theism
The view which states no one has free will
What is free will skepticism (or hard determinism)
The kind of AI that Ava (Ex Machina) would be an example of
What is Strong AI
The view which states that morality is just a matter of cultural preferences, attitudes, or feelings
What is cultural relativism
The philosopher who argued that hardship and suffering are necessary for having a meaningful life
Who is Nietzsche
The claim that the existence of pointless suffering and the existence of God are incompatible
What is the problem of evil or argument from evil
The view which states we have ultimate responsibility for our actions and the ability to do otherwise
What is libertarianism (libertarian free will)
A behavioral test for determining whether a machine has strong AI
What is the Turing Test
The 19th century British philosopher who defended utilitarianism
Who is John Stuart Mill
The view which states life has no meaning
What is nihilism
Anselm's (and Descartes's) armchair proof for the existence of God
What is the ontological argument
The philosopher who argues that we have "flickers of freedom" that result from random quantum mechanical processes in the brain
Who is Robert Kane
The thought experiment developed by John Searle that serves as an objection to computational theories of mind
What is the Chinese Room thought experiment
The principle that explains why racism, sexism, and specieism are wrong.
What is the principle of equal consideration of interests
The philosopher of life which states humans create meaning within their lives
What is existentialism
The argument for God's existence which uses evidence of the big bang as a premise
What is the kalam cosmological argument
What is the consequence argument
The philosopher who argued that the capacity for language was a necessary condition for intelligence
Who is Rene Descartes
The moral principle developed by Immanuel Kant which entails that it is wrong to use another person as a tool to bring about good consequences
The Mere Means Principle
The thought experiment developed by Nietzsche to test whether you have been living the "good life"
Eternal recurrence