The Accident
In 1848, Phineas Gage was injured while working on this type of project.
What is railroad construction?
Perception, Thinking, Memory
What is the Cerebrum?
The rod destroyed much of this lobe, associated with personality and decision-making.
What is the frontal lobe?
After the accident, Gage was treated by this doctor, who documented his recovery.
Who is Dr. John Harlow?
Gage's skull and tamping iron are displayed at this famous university's medical museum.
What is Harvard (the Warren Anatomical Museum)?
This tool blasted through Gage's skull, entering through his cheek and exiting the top of his head.
What is a tamping iron?
Body temperature, emotions, hunger, thirst, fear, love, etc.
What is the Diencephalon?
Each neuron can have anywhere from how many synapses.
What is from 1,000 to 6,000 synapses?
Gage survived the accident but later suffered from these neurological episodes that contributed to his death.
What are seizures?
His case is often citied in psychology textbooks as evidence for the connection between brain injury and this.
What is personality change?
The accident occurred in this U.S. State.
What is Vermont?
Reflexes, relay station for nerve pathways.
What is the Midbrain?
On the bottom of the cortex.
What is the limbic system?
After losing his railroad job, Gage worked for several years as this type of driver in Chile.
What is a stagecoach driver?
Gage's story is frequently used to teach this concept: that the brain can adapt after injury.
What is neuroplasticity?
The explosion happened while Gage was preparing this substance used for blasting rock.
What is gun powder?
Center for coordination of movement and balance.
What is the Cerebellum?
Gage's case became an early example of this field that studies brain-behavior relationships.
What is neuroscience?
Replaced by a new experimental brain science.
What are theories of the Localizers and Whole Brainers?
Gage's case helped inspire early theories about this "executive" function of the brain.
What is decision-making or executive control?
Sometimes called a concussion.
What is a closed brain injury?
Reflexes, control of breathing, heartbeat, blood pressure and circulation.
What is the Medulla oblongata?
The specific region of the frontal lobe most associate with personality changes is this cortex.
What is the prefrontal cortex?
Gage died in 1860 in this U.S. state.
What is California?
Modern researchers used this type of imaging to reconstruct the rod's path through his brain.
What is CT scanning?