Blood Components
What do RBCs do?
Carry oxygen.
Define syncope.
Fainting.
What would you have the patient do before a draw in case of syncope?
Uncross legs.
What are two reasons a patient would be in isolation?
Immunocompromised or highly infectious.
1. What is the universal donor blood type?
2. What is the universal acceptor blood type?
1. O-
2. AB+
What blood cell contains hemoglobin?
RBCs.
Define petechia.
Tiny red dots.
What would you do for an accidental arterial puncture?
End the draw, hold pressure for at least 10 minutes, elevate arm above heart level, check to make sure the bleeding has stopped.
What are infectious microbes called?
Pathogens.
What determines blood type?
Antigens on RBCs.
What are thrombocytes and what is their function?
Platelets. Help blood to clot.
Define hemolysis.
Rupture of blood cells.
What could cause hemolysis?
Insufficient blood in light blue tubes.
What is the purpose of antiseptic prior to a blood draw?
Prevent infection.
1. What is the name of the layer between the plasma and formed elements?
2. What substance in blood is contained here?
1. Buffy coat.
2. Lipids.
What are the formed elements of the blood?
Individual cells in blood. WBCs, RBCs, and platelets.
Define hemopoiesis.
Production of blood cells in bone marrow of long bones.
What would cause hemoconcentration?
Leaving the tourniquet on too long.
What type of isolation is for infections that can be spread by air or direct contact?
Strict/complete.
What is whole blood?
What are the 5 white blood cells.
Neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes, monocytes
Define fibrinolysis.
Destruction/break down of a clot.
What causes venous collapse?
Pressure from the tube vacuum that is too strong for the patient's vein.
What type of patients would be in reverse isolation?
Transplant, chemo patients, HIV.
What occurs at lymph nodes?
Pathogens are destroyed by immune cells.