Anatomy of Phonation
What cartilage houses the vocal folds?
A) Cricoid
B) Arytenoid
C) Thyroid
D) Epiglottis
C) Thyroid
Phonation occurs due to:
A) Passive airflow through the glottis
B) Rapid opening and closing of the vocal folds
C) Movement of the tongue
D) Air resonating in the nasal cavity
B) Rapid opening and closing of the vocal folds
Which is a key strategy for vocal hygiene?
A) Drinking plenty of water
B) Shouting when necessary
C) Whispering frequently
D) Smoking to relax the folds
A) Drinking plenty of water
The three primary vocal registers are:
A) Modal, falsetto, glottal fry
B) Whisper, chest, mixed
C) Fundamental, harmonic, subharmonic
D) Breathy, harsh, strained
A) Modal, falsetto, glottal fry
Which joint allows the thyroid and cricoid cartilages to rock and change pitch?
A) Cricothyroid joint
B) Aryepiglottic joint
C) Cricoarytenoid joint
D) Thyroarytenoid joint
C) Cricoarytenoid joint
Increasing vocal fold tension leads to:
A) Lower pitch
B) Higher pitch
C) Decreased frequency
D) Increased loudness
B) Higher pitch
A breathy voice quality may indicate:
A) Hyperadduction of the vocal folds
B) Incomplete closure of the vocal folds
C) Excessive medial compression
D) Increased subglottal pressure
B) Incomplete closure of the vocal folds
What structure helps maintain the shape of the aryepiglottic folds?
A) Cuneiform cartilage
B) Corniculate cartilage
C) Thyroid cartilage
D) Cricoid cartilage
A) Cuneiform cartilage
The only muscle that abducts the vocal folds is:
A) Cricothyroid
B) Lateral cricoarytenoid
C) Posterior cricoarytenoid
D) Thyroarytenoid
C) Posterior cricoarytenoid
Which layer of the vocal folds is responsible for vibratory function?
A) Epithelium
B) Superficial lamina propria
C) Thyroarytenoid muscle
D) Basement membrane zone
B) Superficial lamina propria
Diplophonia occurs when:
A) The vocal folds are paralyzed
B) Both the true and false vocal folds vibrate at different frequencies
C) The epiglottis blocks airflow
D) The cricoid cartilage is displaced
B) Both the true and false vocal folds vibrate at different frequencies
Which nerve provides motor control to the intrinsic laryngeal muscles?
A) Hypoglossal nerve
B) Trigeminal nerve
C) Vagus nerve
D) Facial nerve
C) Vagus nerve
The space between the vocal folds is called:
A) Glottis
B) Vestibule
C) Epiglottis
D) Pyriform sinus
A) Glottis
What is the primary biological function of the larynx?
A) Speech production
B) Airway protection
C) Nasal resonance
D) Swallowing digestion
B) Airway protection
Maximum Phonation Time (MPT) measures:
A) The range of pitch a person can produce
B) The duration a person can sustain phonation
C) The loudness variability in connected speech
D) The resonance pattern of the vocal tract
B) The duration a person can sustain phonation
Increased subglottal pressure leads to:
A) Decreased vocal intensity
B) Increased vocal intensity
C) Decreased fundamental frequency
D) Increased airflow resistance
B) Increased vocal intensity
The vagus nerve is also known as:
A) Cranial Nerve VII
B) Cranial Nerve X
C) Cranial Nerve IX
D) Cranial Nerve XII
B) Cranial Nerve X
The myoelastic-aerodynamic theory explains:
A) The effect of lung volume on pitch
B) How vocal folds vibrate due to muscle elasticity and airflow
C) The role of resonance in speech production
D) The function of the epiglottis
B) How vocal folds vibrate due to muscle elasticity and airflow
What factor contributes to a lower pitch?
A) Increasing vocal fold tension
B) Increasing vocal fold mass
C) Decreasing subglottal pressure
D) Reducing airflow resistance
B) Increasing vocal fold mass
The falsetto register results from:
A) Increased subglottal pressure
B) Thin, stiff vocal folds vibrating rapidly
C) Maximum medial compression
D) Decreased tension in the vocal ligament
B) Thin, stiff vocal folds vibrating rapidly