Intrinsic Laryngeal Muscles
This is the only muscle that abducts the vocal folds.
What is the posterior cricoarytenoid?
These muscles elevate the hyoid bone and larynx.
What are the suprahyoid muscles?
The most intrinsic laryngeal muscles are innervated by this branch of the vagus nerve.
What is the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN)?
This condition occurs when one or both vocal folds cannot move due to nerve damage.
What is vocal fold paralysis?
This intrinsic muscle rotates the arytenoid cartilages laterally, opening the glottis.
What is the posterior cricoarytenoid?
These paired muscles adduct the vocal folds by rotating the arytenoids medially.
What are the lateral cricoarytenoids?
This muscle has two bellies. One is innervated by CN V and the other by CN VII.
What is the digastric muscle?
These muscles are innervated by RLN of X.
What are the interarytenoids (transverse, oblique, cricoarytenoid (lateral, posterior) thyroarytenoids (thyrovocalis, thyromuscularis)?
This vocal folds close during inspiration instead of opening.
What is paradoxical vocal fold movement?
This happens when the cricothyroid muscles contract.
What is the vocal folds lengthening and the pitch increases?
This fan-shaped tensor muscle between the cricoid and thyroid cartilages lengthens and thins the vocal folds to increase pitch.
What is the cricothyroid?
This flat muscle forms the floor of the oral cavity and is innervated by the trigeminal nerve.
What is the mylohyoid?
The anterior belly of the digastric muscle is innervated by this cranial nerve.
What is CN V (trigeminal)?
Damage to the suprahyoid muscles can impair this crucial swallowing movement.
What is hyolaryngeal elevation?
These muscles are responsible for adducting the vocal folds by bringing the arytenoids together.
What are the transverse and oblique interarytenoids?
This medial portion of the thyroarytenoid helps fine-tune vocal fold tension with the cricothyroid muscle.
What is the thyrovocalis?
These strap-like neck muscles depress the hyoid and larynx.
What are the infrahyoid muscles?
The geniohyoid is innervated by fibers from this spinal nerve and cranial nerve.
What are C1 and CN XII (hypoglossal)?
Vocal fold paralysis is caused by this.
What is nerve damage to UMN or LMN?
The aryepiglotticus and thyroepiglotticus muscles both assist in moving this laryngeal structure.
What is the epiglottis?
These two muscles run between the arytenoids.
What are the transverse and oblique interarytenoids?
This infrahyoid muscle can either lower the hyoid or elevate the thyroid cartilage.
What is the thyrohyoid?
This is the only intrinsic muscle innervated by the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve (SLN).
What is the cricothyroid?
This is a congenital anomaly of larynx.
What is Laryngeal or laryngotraheal cleft?
This infrahyoid muscle lowers the thyroid cartilage toward the sternum.
What is the sternothyroid?