All About Vowels
Consonants, Consonants, Consonants
Vowel Geometry
It's All Anatomical
Misc.
100
These 4 description terms are used to describe vowels.
1. tongue height
2. tongue advancement
3. tense or lax
4. rounding
100
These 3 descriptors are used to describe consonants.
Place, manner, voicing
100
What are the four corners of the vowel quadrilateral?
i, u, ɑ, æ
Also called the cardinal vowels
100
True or false: The larynx and vocal cords are the filter in the source filter theory.
False - larynx/vocal folds are the source.
100
True or false: the cognate for /p/ is /b/
True. Place and manner are the same for both BUT /b/ is voiced and /p/ is voiceless.
200
These are the front vowels.
i, ɪ, e, ɛ, æ
200
What is meant by "place of articulation"? What is meant by "manner of articulation"?
Place is where in the vocal tract the sound is formed
Manner is how a sound is made (how articulators control the airflow)
200
The red circle indicates which group of vowels?
Front vowels
200
An open airway forms ________ while with ________, there is some form of constriction.
vowels; consonants
200
What are allographs for the sound /i/
ee (speed), ea (read), ie (achieve), e (demon), y (mommy)
300
True or false: These are the back vowels - ɑ, o, θ, ʊ, u, ɔ
False, θ is a consonant
300
True or false: /t/, /d/ and /n/ are alveolar sounds.
True - the other alveolar sounds include /s/, /z/, and /l/.
300
The red circle indicates which group of vowels?
Central vowels
300
What role does the jaw play when articulating consonants?
Jaw is an indirect articulator, provides support for tongue and lower lip - not technically a "place" of articulation.
300
What is the cognate for /t/?
/d/
400
What are characteristics differentiating front and back vowels?
Front vowels are produced with tongue being mostly at front of the mouth. Back vowels are produced with tongue at the back of the mouth.
Front vowels are unrounded
400
Name 5 of the place categories.
Bilabial, labiodental, interdental, alveolar, palatal, velar, glottal
400
What vowels are missing?
ɪ, ɛ, ʊ, o, ɚ
400
True or false: In a consonant that has a fricative manner, articulators form a narrow constriction through which the airflow is channeled. The air pressure is increased in the chamber behind the constriction.
True
400
The two types of liquids are known as _____ & _____.
Lateral /l/ and rhotic /r/
500
What are characteristics of a tense vowel?
Articulated with greater muscular effort
Slightly higher tongue position
Longer duration than lax vowel
500
Give at least 3 examples of manner categories.
Stops, fricatives, affricates, nasals, liquids, glides
500
How is the vowel quadrilateral organized? (Going from left to right, going from top to bottom)
Left to right - tongue advancement
Top to bottom - tongue height
500
Energy from the source (vibrating vocal folds in the larynx) is filtered or modified by the ______________ of the vocal tract.
Resonances (formants)
500
Finish this rule: Only when voiceless stops occur _____ /s/ in the same syllable are they unaspirated.
after