Systems and Organization
Syllables are ______________
(definition)
Units of speech that are organized around a vowel sound
Language speakers create different variants in phonemes called ________
Language speakers create different variants in phonemes called allophones
What is the vowel in each syllable called?
Peak
How does phoneme awareness instruction help students?
it helps students understand the differences between and among spoken words
_______ ______ is the part of the brain related to language comprehension
temporal lobe
________ determines the meaning and syntactic role of words and can change the affixation of words
Stress patterns
What repeated letter in the word 'tempest' is pronounced differently when said both times
The t’s are pronounced differently because of where they are in the word (the first t is pronounced t^h and the second is not)
A rime is....
...the vowel plus any constants that come after it
Children may have difficulties with phoneme awareness and other phonological processes such as ________________, _____________ and ________ for verbal information
Speech-sound pronunciation, word pronunciation, memory
The first two branches of the phonological processes are ________, _______ and ________, _________
unconscious, automatic and conscious, aquired
In the English language, _______ vowels are more common than ________ vowels
Short, diphthong
What happens to phonemes when they are clustered with others to create a word
They are given different sounds
The maximal onset rule is.....
....adjacent spoken syllables, where consonants tend to cluster at the beginning of a syllable rather than at the end of a syllable.
Before children can learn phoneme-grapheme mapping for phonics, they must understand ______________
Phoneme-letter correspondence
The temporal lobe and occipital lobe are the part of the brain responsible for _____/_______ _______
letter/word recognition
The number of _______ in a word is equivalent to the number of _____ ______ in a word.
Syllables, vowel sounds
the words cubs and cups are very similar words but because of the _______ before the __, they are pronounced differently
Phoneme, s
What is the difference between a simple syllable and a complex syllable?
A simple syllable has a vowel that may be preceded and/or followed by a single consonant where as a complex syllable has two or more consonants in a cluster before or after a vowel
Students tend to have problems with ________, ________, and remembering ___________ and _____
Decoding, spelling, name words, forms
Within the phonological processes, what two branches come from phonological awareness?
phonological sensitivity and phoneme awareness