Photosynthesis
What is the difference between heterotrophs and autotrophs?
Heterotrophs must get its energy by eating. While autotrophs make its own energy from sunlight.
What is another name for the Calvin Cycle?
Dark reaction
Light independent reaction
What is the purpose of cellular respiration?
To make ATP by breaking down organic compounds (such as glucose which is turned into acetyl CoA)
Who founded the Krebs cycle ad where does it take place
Hans Kreb
The Krebs cycle takes place in the matrix of the mitochondria in eukaryotes and the cytosol (cytoplasm side of the cell) in prokaryotes.
What step of aerobic respiration is the electron transport chain?
2nd step
What are the reactants for photosynthesis, including the amounts of each?
6CO2
6H2O
Light energy
What are the three steps of the Calvin cycle
Carbon fixation
Reduction
Regeneration of RUBP
What organisms undergo cellular respiration
Autotrophs and heterotrophs
What electron carrier is used in the Krebs cycle but not the Calvin Cycle?
FAD
What is the electron transport chain purpose?
The electron transport chain’s purpose is to regenerate NAD+ and FAD to be used again in the Krebs cycle.
Where do the light-dependent reactions occur (be specific)?
Thylakoid
Where in plants does carbon dioxide enter?
Stomata
What are the two steps of cellular respiration?
Aerobic Respiration
How many turns does it take to break down 2 glucose?
4 Turns
Where does the electron transport chain occur?
The electron transport chain happens in the cristae in the mitochondria (Eukaryotes) and in the cell membrane (Prokaryotes).
What are the three pigments found in the chloroplast?
Chlorophyll a
Chlorophyll b
Carotentoids
G3P made in the Calvin Cycle is used to regenerate __________, which goes back to the start of the cycle.
RUBP
What does glycolysis mean?
Glucose break down
What is the purpose of the Krebs cycle?
To produce hydrogens, carbon dioxide, and ATP
What are two products of the electron transport chain?
Water
ATP
What substance from the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis is used as a source of energy for the Calvin Cycle?
NADPH
What is occurring during the reduction step in phtotsyntesis?
In the reduction step, 3-PGA is reduced to G3P (6 molecules of 3-PGA turn into 6 molecules of G3P).
What is glycolysis?
Glycolysis is a type of anaerobic respiration, where glucose is broken down into 2 molecules of pyruvic acid, which produces a small amount of ATP and NADH
What happens between the glycolysis step and the Krebs cycle?
Between glycolysis and the Krebs cycle, the 2 pyruvic acids from glycolysis are changed into 2 Acetyl CoA with the use of enzyme CoA.
What is occurring in the electron transport chain? (Summarize the 5 steps)
1. NADH+H and FADH2 are reduced to NAD+ and FAD.
2. The electrons move down the chain and lose energy.
3. The protons (H+) from the electron carriers move from the matrix into the inner membrane, causing a concentration gradient.
4. This concentration gradient will activate ATP synthase, where ATP is made from ADP and Phosphate.
5. Oxygen is the final electron and proton acceptor and creates water.