Photosynthesis
What is the primary pigment in plant cells that captures light energy for photosynthesis?
Chlorophyll
What are the two stages of photosynthesis?
Light-dependent and light-independent (Calvin cycle)
What is the primary molecule that cells use as a source of energy for cellular respiration
Glucose (C6H12O6)
What are the main inputs for cellular respiration?
Oxygen and Glucose
simplest sugar (monomer form)
monosaccharide
Which gas is taken in by plants during photosynthesis to be used in the process?
Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
What is the ultimate source of energy on earth?
The sun
Which gas is required for cellular respiration and is a product of photosynthesis?
Oxygen (O2)
What are the three steps of aerobic respiration
Glycolysis
Krebs
ETC
What are the three elements that make up carbohydrates? In what ratio?
C, H, O - 1:2:1 Radio
What is the main product of photosynthesis, which serves as a source of energy for cells?
Glucose (C6H12O6)
How does photosynthesis contribute to the energy flow within ecosystems?
Photosynthesis captures and stores solar energy in glucose
What is the first step of cellular respiration called?
Glycolysis
What is the goal of respiration?
Break down food (glucose) and release energy in the form of ATP to fuel cellular processes
What is a disaccharide and provide an example.
two monosaccharides connected together
sucrose (glucose + fructose)
In which organelle does photosynthesis take place in plant cells?
Chloroplasts
What is the shared role of ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) in both photosynthesis?
ATP is the primary energy carrier molecule used to transfer and store energy (to help make glucose)
In which organelle does cellular respiration take place?
Mitochondria
How much ATP is produced by cellular respiration?
36-38 ATP
What is the polysaccharide that animals use for carbohydrate storage? What about plants?
Starch: plants
Name one factor that affects the rate of photosynthesis
Light intensity, temperature, carbon dioxide concentration
How do both photosynthesis and respiration contribute to keeping a plant alive?
Plants have to make glucose and then break it down to release the stored ATP energy to fuel their cell processes.
(Turn light energy into stored chemical energy (glucose) then break down stored chemical energy into cellular currency (ATP))
What are the main waste products of cellular respiration?
Carbon Dioxide (CO2) and Water (H2O)
What are the two types of anerobic cellular respiration?
Lactic Acid fermentation and Alcoholic fermentation
What polysaccharide to plants use for structural support?