Photosynthesis
Triple Points
Two terms in biology describe organisms that can make their own food. Identify them.
Producers or autotrophs
Why are the light reactions called light reactions?
They require light to work
Where does the Calvin cycle occur within chloroplasts? Be specific.
Stroma
What is the main photosynthetic pigment in plants?
Chlorophyll
What is the other name for the light independent reactions?
Calvin cycle
Triple Points
Which structures inside of thylakoid membranes contain chlorophyll and other pigment molecules?
the photosystems
In which organelle does photosynthesis take place?
Chloroplast
Where do the light reactions take place within chloroplasts? Be specific.
thylakoid membranes
Grana are stacks of these.
Thylakoids
What are pigments other than chlorophyll called?
Accessory Pigments
Which term describes the process of taking the carbon from CO2 and putting it into an organic molecule form that organisms can use?
carbon fixation
Organisms that must eat other organisms to survive go by two names in biology. What are they?
heterotroph or consumer
What are the two main stages of photosynthesis?
Light dependent reactions and light independent reactions/Calvin cycle
What is the name of the series of photosystems and proteins found in thylakoid membranes that electrons move through in order to release the energy needed to pump hydrogen ions into the thylakoid's interior?
What is the byproduct of photosynthesis?
Oxygen
What do photosynthetic pigments do?
Absorb specific wavelengths of light energy and use them to energize electrons
What is the name of the most important enzyme involved in the Calvin Cycle?
rubisco
This metabolic pathway is basically the opposite of photosynthesis.
cellular respiration
What is the chemical equation of photosynthesis?
6CO2 + 6H2O + light energy --> C6H12O6 + 6O2
Double points
Identify the reactants and products of the light dependent reactions.
Reactants: light, water, ADP, NADP+
Products: Oxygen, ATP and NADPH
What happens at photosystems when there is light energy?
It excites/energizes electrons
In which part of the chloroplast is chlorophyll found? (be specific!)
Thylakoid membranes
Double points
Identify the reactants and products of the light independent reactions.
Reactants: CO2, ATP, NADPH
Products:G3P/glucose, ADP, NADP+
__________is the name of the species that radically changed Earth's ancient atmosphere by releasing huge amounts _________ through photosynthesis.
cyanobacteria, oxygen
What is the electron carrier involved in photosynthesis?
NADP+/NADPH
_________ flow down their concentration gradient through ___________ in order to synthesize ATP during the light dependent reactions.
H+ ions/protons , ATP synthase
Where is the concentration of hydrogen ions greatest inside of chloroplasts?
Inside the thylakoid (in the thylakoid lumen).
Why do leaves turn colors in the fall?
Chlorophyll is the first pigment to be removed from the leaves.
This is the number of CO2 molecules that must enter the Calvin cycle to produce 1 net G3P molecule. G3P is the molecule that plants turn into glucose.
3
Briefly describe what redox reactions are and identify an example of one in biology.
Chemical reactions that involve the transfer of electrons between atoms or molecules. Examples: photosynthesis, cellular respiration