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6CO2+6H2O+→C6H12O6+6O2 is the balanced chemical equation of photosynthesis. Why is it BALANCED?
It is called a balanced equation because the number of each type of atom on the left side (reactants) is the same as on the right side (products).
what are the two main types of ecosystems
aquatic a terrestrial
what is glycogen
Glycogen is the carbohydrate storage molecule in animals.
what does polymer mean
many units
what is the purpose of the waxy cutile
Waxy layer that reduces evaporation and protects against pathogens.
what is an ecosystem
a community of living organisms interacting with their environment.
what is carbohydrate and what does it consist of
is a biomolecule consisting of Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen atoms.
what are xerophytes
Xerophytes are plants adapted to survive in dry or desert-like conditions with little water.
Thoroughly Explain Photosynthesis stating what it is where it takes place etc.
Photosynthesis is the process by which green
plants and some algae (plant-like organisms)
use energy from sunlight to make glucose (food)
and oxygen from carbon dioxide and water.
Occurs primarily in leaves in structures called
chloroplasts which contains chlorophyll, a green
pigment that absorbs sunlight.
what are biotic and abiotic factors add examples
Abiotic Factors: Nonliving components like temperature, water, sunlight, soil, and air.
Biotic Factors: Living components like plants, animals, fungi, and microorganisms.
What is a limiting factor?
A limiting factor is a raw material or condition, that when in shortage, slows down the rate of a reaction.
What is respiration and contrast it with photosynthesis?
Respiration is the process where cells break down glucose to release energy (ATP). This happens in all living organisms, including plants and animals. It usually requires oxygen (aerobic respiration) but can also occur without oxygen
Key Difference:
What are the raw materials and how are the obtained
Carbon Dioxide: Taken in through the tiny pores in leaves called stomata. Enters the leaves by diffusion from the atmosphere.
Water: Absorbed by roots from the soil. Transported through xylem vessels.
what is a food chain
A linear sequence of organisms where each is dependent on the next for food, starting with a producer and ending with a top predator.
Thoroughly Outline The Light dependent and Independent Stage
Light-dependent stage: Takes place in the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts and produces ATP energy. Sunlight splits water into oxygen and hydrogen. Oxygen exits the leaf through stomata and enters the atmosphere. Hydrogen moves on to the next stage.
Light-independent stage: It uses energy from the light-dependent stage. Takes place in the stroma of chloroplasts. Combines hydrogen (from the light-dependent stage) and carbon dioxide to form glucose.
key adaptations of xerophytes
Importance of glucose
Chlorophyll is the green pigment in chloroplasts that drives photosynthesis by absorbing light energy from the sun and converting it into chemical energy to fuel glucose synthesis.
put the following in order. state trophic levels and status
snake grass frog grasshopper
minnow algae perch heron
say the answer i will confirm
How does water from the soil get to the leaves? explain each mechanism
Mechanisms Like:
Root Absorption: Water is absorbed by the roots from the soil through osmosis. The absorbed water travels through the root cortex to the xylem.
Capillary Action: The movement of water upwards in the xylem tube is driven by the sticking of water molecules to the walls of the xylem tube (adhesion) and the attraction between water molecules (cohesion).
Transpiration Pull: Water loss through evaporation of water from the leaves causes a pull of more water from the roots through the stem and into the leaves. As water evaporates from the stomata of the leaf, more water is drawn up from the roots to replace it, creating a continuous flow.
Root pressure: Sometimes, root pressure (a buildup of water in the roots) helps push water upwards, although this is more significant at night when transpiration is low.
State all 4 limiting factors taught and give a brief explanation
Light Intensity – Photosynthesis needs light. If light is too dim, the rate slows down. More light increases the rate, but only up to a certain point.
Carbon Dioxide (CO₂) Concentration – CO₂ is a raw material for making glucose. If there's not enough CO₂, photosynthesis slows down. More CO₂ increases the rate until another factor becomes limiting.
Temperature – Enzymes control photosynthesis. If it's too cold, the enzymes work slowly. If it's too hot, they get damaged, stopping photosynthesis. The best temperature is usually around 25–35°C.
Water Availability – Water is needed for photosynthesis. If a plant lacks water, it closes its stomata to prevent water loss, reducing CO₂ intake and slowing photosynthesis.