First Aid and Emergencies
What is the definition of first aid?
Immediate care given to a victim to minimize effects until experts take over.
Name the three layers of skin from superficial to deep.
Epidermis, Dermis, Hypodermis.
What is the normal adult pulse range?
60-80 bpm
These bones—skull, spinal column, ribs, sternum—belong to which skeleton division
Axial
What does “S” stand for in SOAP?
Subjective
What chart is used to determine the percentage of body surface burned?
Rule of Nines
Which open wound is a cut with smooth, regular edges, usually made by a scalpel?
Incision
What equipment is used to measure blood pressure?
Sphygmomanometer. and stethoscope
What is the definition of a joint?
Where two bones come together.
What is an abrasion?
A scrape
This diabetic condition is caused by too much sugar in the blood.
Hyperglycemia
When checking for skin cancer, what does the “B” in ABCDE stand for?
Border.
What vital sign is measured in %SpO2?
Pulse oximetry
What fracture involves the bone breaking into more than two pieces
Comminuted
How far does a patient stand from the chart when testing vision?
20 ft
This type of shock occurs due to a lack of blood flow to the organs, especially the brain and heart.
Shock
What are 2 purposes of the oil glands?
Prevent skin/hair dryness
Help prevent infection
Which pulse grade is considered “bounding” and difficult to obliterate?
3
What fracture is caused by rotational forces and appears twisted?
Spiral fracture.
What does the “E” in ABCDE stand for when checking moles?
Evolving
Describe the healing process of a wound
Blood clots and dries -->scab formation --> new skin cells multiply around the edges of the wound underneath the scab--> scab falls off once skin is repaired
Which wound type involves skin that is torn from the body but not completely detached?
Avulsion
What is the medical name for a red blood cell?
Erythrocyte
What is the medical term for the tailbone
Coccyx
Which blood component helps make clots by “sticking together”?
Thrombocytes (platelets)