Bones of the Lower Limb
This bone transmits body weight from the hip to the tibia and it is the longest and heaviest bone in the body.
What is the femur?
Physically this region is part of the trunk, but functionally it is part of the lower limb.
What is the gluteal region?
The adductor muscles, except the "hamstring part" of the adductor magnus, are innervated by this nerve.
What is the obturator nerve?
The portion of the lower extremity from the knee to the ankle.
What is the leg?
This side of the foot has much thinner skin and subcutaneous tissue and is therefore much more sensitive than the sole of the foot.
What is the dorsum of the foot?
This bone is a sesamoid bone that articulates with the femur.
What is the patella?
The largest and heaviest muscle of the body, which helps to extend, laterally rotate and steady the thigh.
What is the gluteus maximus?
The hamstrings originate at this structure and help to extend the leg at the hip and flex the leg at the knee.
What is the ischial tuberosity?
The compartment of the leg most susceptible to compartment syndrome due to its small and confined characteristics.
What is the anterior compartment?
The dorsal muscles of the foot are innervated by these two nerves.
What are the deep fibular and superficial fibular nerves?
This condition is characterized by a lateral deviation of the great toe and it can be caused by pressure from footwear or degenerative joint disease.
What is hallux valgus?
This nerve runs along the gluteal region but does not actually supply anything within it.
What is the sciatic nerve?
The vein that is formed by the dorsal vein of the great toe and the dorsal venous arch of the foot that runs along the medial side of the leg to empty into the femoral vein.
What is the great saphenous vein?
The lateral compartment of the leg contains these two muscles which help to evert the foot and plantarflex the ankle.
What are the fibularis longus and fibularis brevis muscles?
This artery forms a loop with the lateral tarsal artery and it gives rise to the second, third, and fourth metatarsal arteries.
What is the arcuate artery?
These ligaments are the four intracapsular ligaments of the knee joint.
What are the anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments and the medial and lateral menisci?
This nerve innervates the gluteus medius and minimus muscles but not the gluteus maximus muscle.
What is the superior gluteal nerve?
The hamstring muscles are all innervated by this nerve and supplied by this artery.
What is the tibial division of the sciatic nerve and the profunda femoris artery?
The muscles within the posterior compartment of the leg are innervated by this nerve.
What is the tibial nerve?
This structure extends from the calcaneus and divides into five bands that contain the flexor tendons of the digits of the foot.
What is the plantar aponeurosis?
This ligament is an extracapsular ligament found within the knee that is an extension of the semimembranosus tendon and which helps to reinforce the knee joint posteriorly.
What is the oblique popliteal ligament?
Name three of the six muscles that help to steady the femur in the acetabulum.
What are the piriformis, obturator internus, quadratus femoris, obturator externus, and superior and inferior gemelli muscles?
This nerve gives rise to the saphenous nerve and it supplies the skin of the anteromedial knee, leg, and foot.
What is the femoral nerve?
This nerve is the most commonly damaged nerve in the lower limb and damage to it can be distinguished by the loss of dorsiflexion of the foot.
What is the common fibular nerve?
Which of the following intrinsic muscles of the foot are not supplied by the medial plantar nerve: flexor hallucis brevis, flexor digitorum brevis, abductor hallucis, or the lumbricals?
What are the lumbricals?