Meninges
This term refers to the protective coverings that enclose the brain and spinal cord.
What is meninges?
Cerebrospinal fluid, which is a filtrate of blood plasma, is produced by these cells located within the choroid plexus.
What are ependymal cells?
List the three primary vesicles formed by the rostral neural tube.
What are the prosencephalon, mesencephalon, and rhombencephalon?
This structure is the interface between the cerebrum and the cerebellum and it helps to regulate essential functions, such as breathing, consciousness and blood pressure.
What is the brainstem?
This artery supplies blood to all the extraocular muscles.
What is the ophthalmic artery?
List the three layers of the cranial meninges (from superficial to deep).
What are the dura mater, arachnoid mater, and pia mater?
This nerve is the only cranial nerve that extends into the thoracic and abdominal viscera.
What is the vagus nerve?
Damage to this area of the brain results in the ability of a person to only speak in short, fragmented sentences.
What is Broca's area?
This is the Latin name for the inner white matter found within the cerebellum.
What is arbor vitae?
These two extraocular muscles are not innervated by the oculomotor nerve.
What are the superior oblique and the lateral rectus muscles?
This structure is an opening in the tentorium cerebelli that allows the brainstem to pass through.
What is the tentorial notch?
Unlike the veins throughout the periphery of the body, the veins in the brain do not have these structures.
What are valves?
All incoming sensory neurons except the ones of this sensation project onto neurons in the thalamus.
What is smell?
List the four cerebellar nuclei (from lateral to medial).
What are the dentate, emboliform, globose, and fastigial nuclei?
The pupillary light reflex tests these two cranial nerves.
What are the optic and oculomotor nerves?
This artery provides the main blood supply to the dura mater.
What is the middle meningeal artery?
Which of the following nerves does not have sensory functions: the olfactory, trochlear, optic, facial, vagus, or trigeminal nerve?
What is the trochlear nerve?
This type of white matter tract is comprised of axons that conduct nerve impulses from gyri in one hemisphere of the brain to corresponding gyri in another hemisphere of the brain.
What is a commissural tract?
The nuclei of the trigeminal, abducens, facial and vestibulocochlear nerves are found within this structure.
What is the pons?
This type of hearing loss is caused by interference with the movement of the tympanic membrane, ossicles, or the oval and round windows.
What is conductive hearing loss?
This term refers to when arterial blood collects between the skull and the periosteal layer of the dura mater due to a head trauma.
What is an epidural hemorrhage/hematoma?
Blood supply to the brain comes from these two arteries.
What are the vertebral and internal carotid arteries?
This gland, located within the epithalamus, produces melatonin and helps with sleep.
What is the pineal gland?
Cerebellar damage would not result in which of the following: loss of coordination, ability to perform rapid alternating movements, staggering, weak muscles, or slurred speech?
What is the ability to perform rapid alternating movements?
The choroid, cones and rods of the eye are all supplied by this artery.
What is the short posterior ciliary artery?