Types of Public Health Research
Characterized by its focus on numeric data and statistical analysis.
Quantitative research
According to the text, what is the first step in the process for research design in public health?
Identify the problem and formulate a research question/specific aims/hypothesis.
The I in the acronym PICOT is for:
Intervention
In quantitative study designs, this type of sampling helps minimize bias and ensures that each member of the population has an equal chance of being included in the study and ensure participants are representative of the population.
Random sampling
Provides the means to extract meaningful insights from large datasets and informing evidence-based decision making.
Data analysis
Emphasizes the collection and analysis of non-numeric data to gain deeper insights into complex social phenomena.
Qualitative Research
According to the text, what is the second step in the process for research design in public health?
Review the relevant literature.
The O in the acronym PICOT is for:
In quantitative study designs, the participants or the researchers are unaware of certain critical information in this type of study.
Single-blind study
__________________ provide a snapshot of the characteristics of a population, enabling researchers to better understand the prevalence of health conditions and the distribution of risk factors.
Descriptive statistics
Involves the simultaneous use of both qualitative and quantitative research methods, aiming to provide a comprehensive understanding of complex health issues.
Mixed methods research
According to the text, what are the third and fourth steps in the process for research design in public health?
3. Revise research question/specific aims/hypotheses
4. Select study design
The T in the acronym PICOT is for:
Time frame
In quantitative study designs, both the participants and the researchers are unaware of who is receiving the experimental treatment and who is in the control group in this type of study.
Double-blind study
____________ allow researchers to make _______ and draw conclusions about a population based on a sample of data.
Inferential statistics, inferences
Primary concerned with providing a detailed account and summary of the characteristics, behaviors, or patterns within a given population.
Descriptive research
According to the text, what are the fifth and sixth steps in the process for research design in public health?
5. Plan data analyzes strategies
6. Develop and submit the project description to an Institutional Review Board (IRB) for approval.
The C in the acronym PICOT is for: (Please provide both possibilities)
Comparison or control.
In qualitative study designs, this type of sampling may involve identifying individuals with varied experiences, perspectives, or sociodemographic backgrounds, enriching the data with various viewpoints that contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the public health issue.
Purposeful sampling
Helps researchers examine geographic patterns of health outcomes and explore potential environmental or social determinants.
Spatial analysis
More focused on investigating new and uncharted areas within public health.
Exploratory research
According to the text, what are the seventh and eighth and ninth steps in the process for research design in public health?
7. Collect data
8. Analyze data
9. Present results
The P in the acronym PICOT is for: (Please provide all three possibilities)
Patient, population, or problem.
Qualitative sampling often involves the concept of _________, which occurs when new data cease to provide additional insights or perspectives, indicating that the researcher has gathered a sufficiently rich and diverse range of information.
Saturation
Qualitative data analysis in public health research involves the systematic examination and interpretation of non-numeric data. The analysis process often begins with _____________. Researchers then commonly employ various _______ techniques, which involves labeling and categorizing segments of data based on recurring themes or concepts.
Data immersion, coding