Landforms
The theory that helps explain most geologic processes. Earth’s outer shell is made up of about 20 plates and most are made up of both a continent and an ocean.
Plate Tectonics
This is the short-term conditions of the atmosphere, which includes temperature, precipitation, wind, cloud cover, humidity, and air pressure.
Weather
Soil consists of four main parts.
Minerals, Organic Materials, Air, Moisture
Ecosystems are classified by similar _______ and _______ existing in a particular region. Geographers and scientists use this information to create biomes.
Flora & Fauna
It took the Colorado river over 6 million years to carve out this major landform region located in the US state of Arizona.
Grand Canyon
The long-term conditions of the atmosphere in a particular region based on temperature and precipitation.
Climate
Soil has many functions. Provide 4.
Carbon sequestration, water purifier, climate regulation, nutrient cycling, habitat, flood regulator, source of pharmaceuticals, foundation for infrastructure, construction materials, provision of food, fuel, and fibre.
This biome is found worldwide around the equator. It has extremely high levels of rainfall, 200 to 250 cm annually. Temperatures are consistently warm ranging from 25 to 35 degrees Celsius. There is a wide variety of dense plant life and more than 50% of all the Earth’s terrestrial animal species exist here.
Tropical Forests
This is the highest landform on earth at 29,000 feet above sea level. It is a part of the Himalayan Mountain range.
Mount Everest
The main determining factor of a region’s climate.
Latitude
This landform region is located above the tree line, which marks the northern boundary of tree growth. Trees do not grow here because the climate is too cold and dry. Most of the soil is permafrost resulting in only small shrubs, mosses, and lichens that grow close to ground.
Tundra
This biome is determined by the low amounts of rainfall, not by temperature. It typically receives less than 30cm of rainfall per year. As a result of very little moisture, temperatures fluctuate dramatically from day to night. Vegetation tends to be thin-leafed and large rooted in order to preserve moisture. Wildlife tends to be burrowing animals and nocturnal as a result of the largely fluctuating temperatures.
Desert
This landform region of Canada Includes British Columbia, and parts of Alberta, Yukon, and Northwest Territories. There are many mountains (Coastal & Rockies) and forests.
Cordillera
This Canadian city has a moderate climate due to its proximity to the Pacific Ocean and Coastal Mountains.
Vancouver
This landform region is located in the southern part of Manitoba, Saskatchewan, and Alberta. The climate is too dry for most species of trees to survive and is better suited to grasses. However, some trees will grow in river valleys where more moisture is available.
Grasslands
Also known as the taiga or boreal forest, consists of dense evergreen trees that extend across North America, Europe, and Asia. Makes up one third of the planet’s total forested area. It has cool to cold winters and cool to moderate summers. Most of the precipitation falls in summer. Wildlife includes beavers, mink, geese, grizzly bears and many insects.
Coniferous Forests
This landform region of Canada consists of bedrock, has a lot of lakes and forests, and occupies more than half of Canada. Its enduring bedrock provides the geological foundation.
Canadian Shield
This mountain has an annual median temperature of -27C due to its elevation 5959 meters making it the tallest mountain in Canada.
Mount Logan
This is the largest vegetation region in Canada consisting of mainly coniferous trees due to cool temperatures and shorter growing seasons. You will find more deciduous trees in the southern parts of this region.
Boreal
This biome is located above 60 degrees, both north and south. It has bitterly cold temperatures. Day length varies tremendously, with 24 hours daylight during summer and 24 hours darkness during winter. Vegetation is found in marine areas. Wildlife includes walruses, polar bears, seals, and penguins (only in Antarctica).
Polar