Planet Earth
What is the part of Earth that supports life called?
Biosphere
What is Earth's outermost main layer?
Crust
What is molten rock beneath Earth's surface called?
Magma
What is the condition of the atmosphere at a particular time called?
Weather
What climate zone is generally hot throughout the year?
Tropical climate
What are the three parts of the biosphere mentioned in the chapter?
Hydrosphere, lithosphere, and atmosphere
What is the layer between Earth's core and crust?
Mantle
What is a break in Earth's crust where rocks can move called?
Fault
What do we call the average weather conditions of a place over a long period?
Climate
What climate zone is characterized by very little precipitation?
Dry climate
What is freshwater found beneath Earth's surface called?
Groundwater
What is the innermost main layer of Earth?
Core
What is the shaking of Earth's surface caused by movement along faults called?
Earthquake
What line around Earth receives the most direct sunlight on average?
Equator
What are the four major climate zones described in the chapter?
Tropical, dry, midlatitude, and high-latitude
What cycle describes the continuous movement of water on Earth?
Water cycle
What are the enormous slabs of rock that make up Earth's crust called?
Tectonic plates
What is an opening in Earth's crust through which lava, ash, or gases can escape?
Volcano
What movement of Earth, combined with its tilt, causes the seasons?
Revolution around the Sun
What is a large natural region characterized by its typical plants and animals called?
Biome
What are the two main types of water found on Earth's surface?
Freshwater and salt water
What two natural disasters can occur when tectonic plates move?
Earthquakes and volcanic eruptions
What is the difference between weathering and erosion?
Weathering breaks down rock; erosion moves rock and sediment.
Why are high-elevation locations generally cooler than nearby low-elevation locations?
Temperatures generally decrease as elevation increases.
Name two indicators that scientists use to identify climate change.
Rising global temperatures, rising sea levels, changing weather patterns, or more severe extreme weather events