Landforms
The largest landform region in Canada, which covers nearly half of the country’s landmass.
What is the Canadian Shield?
The term for molten rock found beneath the Earth's surface, versus the term for it once it breaks the surface.
What is magma vs lava?
This is the fundamental difference between "weathering" and "erosion".
What is weathering breaks rock down into sediment, while erosion moves sediment to a new location?
The name of the massive supercontinent where all of Earth’s landmasses were once joined together.
What is Pangaea?
The difference between these two terms: one refers to day-to-day atmospheric conditions, the other to long-term patterns.
What are Weather and Climate?
These are the three broad categories that Canada’s seven landform regions can be grouped into.
What are the Shield, the Lowlands, and the Highlands?
The three main classifications of rock based on how they are formed.
What are Igneous, Sedimentary, and Metamorphic?
The category of process (Build-up or Wear-down) that occurs when tectonic plates collide to form a mountain range.
What is a Build-up process?
Name the four distinct layers that make up the internal structure of the Earth.
What are the Crust, Mantle, Outer Core, and Inner Core?
Natural systems like forests or oceans that absorb more carbon dioxide from the atmosphere than they release.
What are Carbon Sinks?
This is Canada's most populated landform region, home to roughly 50% of the country's residents.
What is the Great Lakes-St. Lawrence Lowlands?
This process describes how the materials that make up rocks are never truly created or destroyed, only recycled.
What is the Rock Cycle?
The category of process (Build-up or Wear-down) that occurs when a receding glacier uses its immense weight to carve a hole in the Earth that eventually becomes a lake.
What is a Wear-down process?
Identify one piece of "proof" Wegener used to support his theory of Continental Drift/Plate Tectonics.
What is the Jigsaw fit of continents, fossil matching, matching mountain ranges, or out-of-place ice sheets?
You can identify this type of climate on a graph if it shows high annual precipitation and a narrow temperature range.
What is a Maritime climate?
Give two examples of specific landforms (types, not regions) that can be found across Canada.
What are mountains, hills, valleys, plains, or plateaus?
This specific rock type, such as Obsidian, is formed when lava cools?
What is Igneous rock?
The category of process (Build-up or Wear-down) that occurs when waves hit a shoreline and slowly remove land over time.
What is a Wear-down process?
The type of plate boundary found between the South American and African plates where they are moving away from each other.
What is a divergent boundary?
List two natural (non-human) factors that influence the climate of a specific region.
What are Latitude, Ocean Currents, Winds/Air Masses, Elevation, Relief, or Nearness to Water
This region was created when ancient seas retreated, leaving behind flat land and deep layers of fertile sediment.
What are the Interior Plains (or Prairies)?
The two primary forces required to turn existing rock into Metamorphic rock, like Marble, deep underground.
What are heat and pressure?
"Sedimentation," where material settles at the bottom of water to create a new flat surface, is considered this type of process (build-up or wear-down)?
What is a Build-up process?
The specific type of plate boundary found along the west coast of North America where plates slide past one another.
What is a transform boundary?
This Indigenous treaty suggests that people should have a sustainable relationship with nature, taking only what one needs and making sure there's enough for everyone?
What is the Dish with One Spoon Wampum/Treaty?