Water
Geological Processes
Definitions
Mystery
100

What are the two different types of water?

Saltwater and Freshwater

100

What is a volcano?

This is a mountain with a crater of lava.

100

Define Atmosphere

The layer of gases that surround earth

100

What is an equinox?

It is one of two days each year in which the sun is directly over the equator

200

What is desalination?

The process that makes salt water safe to drink.

200

What is a tectonic plate?

One of 16 pieces of Earths crust

200

Define Revolution

A complete of earth around the sun

200

Define erosion

The process by which weathered bits of rock are moved elsewhere by water, wind, or ice.

300

What is the importance of the Water Cycle?

The water cycle is important because it is how water reaches plants, animals and us as humans.

300

What is a fault

This is a place where two tectonic plates grind against each other

300

What is a solstice?

One of two days each year when the sun reaches its northernmost or southernmost point

300

How and why do seasons occur?

Seasons occur depending on where the Earth is relative to the sun

400

What is the water cycle? (define each of the parts)

  1. Water cycle

    1. The process in which water is used and reused on Earth, including precipitation collection, evaporation, and condensation

  2. Evaporation

    1. The change of liquid water to water vapor

  3. Condensation

    1. The result of water vapor changing into a liquid or solid state

  4. Precipitation

    1. The water that falls on the ground as rain, snow, sleet, hail, or mist

400

How are tectonic plates and earthquakes related?


The tectonic plates are always slowly moving, but they get stuck at their edges due to friction. When the stress on the edge overcomes the friction, there is an earthquake that releases energy in waves that travel through the earth's crust and cause the shaking that we feel.
400

Define weathering

The process by which the Earth's surface is worn away by natural forces.

400
How do weather and climate compare?

weather is the state of the atmosphere at a place and time while the climate is the average weather over a long period of time.

500

What is a bay and how does it compare to gulfs

A bay is a body of water partially surrounded by land while a gulf is a portion of the ocean that penetrates land.

500

What are the six forces of change and define one.

  1. Tectonic Activity

    1. 16 pieces of Earth’s crust slowly moving

  2. Sudden Changes (Natural Disasters)

    1. Earthquakes

    2. Tsunamis

    3. Faults

    4. Volcanoes

  3. Weathering

    1. Wearing down the Earth’s surface by wind, rain, chemicals, movement of ice, and water

  4. Erosion

    1. Weathered bits of rock being moved by water, wind, or ice    

  5. Buildup and movement

    1. The buildup of materials create landforms

  6. Human Actions

    1. Processes or actions performed by humans intending to change or adapt the Earth’s surface

500

Name 4 climate zones and define one

  1. Tropical

    1. Warm

  2. Dry

    1. Less than 25 cm of rain a year, little vegetation

  3. Subtropical

    1. Humid

  4. Cold Temperate

    1. 42 to 60 degrees North and South of the equator, Cold winters short, cool summers

  5. Polar

    1. Usually below freezing, the two poles of the Earth

  6. High Mountain

    1. Altitudes above 1,200m 

500

What are the layers of earth and atmosphere? (no particular order)

  1. The layers of the Earth (3)

    1. The layers of Earth consist of core (magma, rock, and metal), mantle (rock), and crust (tectonic plates)

  2. The layers of the atmosphere (5)

    1. From lowest to highest

      1. Troposphere

      2. Stratosphere

      3. Mesosphere

      4. Thermosphere

      5. Exosphere

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