Vocab
A fact is what?
Something that you can repeatedly demonstrate to be correct
These volcanoes are know for there large flat dome like shape
Shield Volcano
This type of plate boundary is when 2 plates slide past each other
transform
What are the 2 most abundant element within Earth's crust?
Oxygen and Silicon
What are the 3 rocks of the rock cycle
Igneous, Sedimentary, and Metamorphic
The process of breaking down rocks into smaller pieces without changing their composition
physical weathering
A volcano with steep slopes and alternating layers of lava and pyroclastics.
a stratovolcano
A plate boundary where two plates move apart.
a divergent boundary
This scale is used to describe mineral hardness
Mohs hardness scale
The type of rock formed from preexisting rocks altered by heat and pressure
metamorphic rock
What is the VEI
A cloud of hot gas and volcanic debris that flows rapidly down a volcano’s slope
a pyroclastic flow
Hawaii is example of this
Hot spot
This is the most common mineral group on Earth's surface
Silicates
What are the physical layers of Earth from surface to center?
Lithosphere, Asthenosphere, Mesosphere, Outer Core, Inner Core
What is Lithification?
This type of crystallization is when material within the magma crystalizes in parts one at a time
fractional crystallization
Name each type of plate boundary and there corresponding sub descriptions
Divergent; MOR, Rift Valley
Convergent; Subduction, Collision
Transform
The term for a mineral’s resistance to breaking along planes of weakness.
cleavage
This plate is located in between the South American Plate and Pacific Plate
Nazca Plate
If something is Phaneritic then the grain sizes are what?
Smaller than a penny but big enough to see
Rank the 3 types of magma from hottest to coldest
Basaltic, Andesitic, and Rhyolitic
Name 3 things that move tectonic plates
Convection, Ridge Push, Slab Pull, Slab Suction
What 5 things are required for something to be classified as a mineral?
solid, natural, inorganic, crystalline structure, with a definite chemical composition.
What are the 2 branches of Bowen's reaction series call? (bonus if you can name what minerals are one each side of the diagram)
Discontinuous: Olivine, Pyroxene, Aphibole, Biotite
Continuous: Ca rich -> Na rich