SECTION 1
A force that occurs between the surfaces of two objects that are touching.
Friction
What is the amount of space an object takes up
volume
The temperature at which matter is changed from a liquid to a solid..
Freezing point
The unit of measure for force
Newton
A solution of baking soda has a pH of 9. Baking soda _______
Base
The process of changing from a liquid to a gas is called?
Evaporation
What happens when heat is removed from a liquid?
The temperature decreases
What happens to the particles in a cold metal spoon when it is placed in a bowl of hot soup?
The particles from the soup move to the spoon
The gravitational potential energy is most affected by
Mass and height
When the temperature of matter decreases the particles.........
slow down and move closer together
If it were possible to weigh yourself while in orbit, you would weigh less than you do on Earth. Why is your weight lower while you are in orbit than when you are on Earth’s surface?
the farther a person gets from Earth, the smaller is the gravitational force
What is the evidence that a force has acted on an object
change in the direction of the object’s motion.
Maya is playing the guitar. She strums the strings and the guitar produces noise. Maya is transforming _______ energy into _______ energy.
mechanical; sound
. Refraction is the bending of a wave as it passes at an angle from one medium to another. Why would a wave, such as a light wave, bend when it passes from air into water?
The speed of light slows or reduce in water
Holly has an unknown substance in a beaker. She wants to determine the relative pH of the unknown substance. She places a piece of blue litmus paper into the substance, and the litmus paper turns red. The substance in the beaker _______________
Acid
Tabitha ate a turkey sandwich and an apple for lunch. Later that day, she ran 2 miles during soccer practice. What energy transformations occurred?
Chemical energy was converted to mechanical energy.
the law of conservation of energy states that:
Energy cannot be created or destroyed
Dr. Garret Sho takes a piece of notebook paper from her desk. As a demonstration she tears the paper into 14 piece.
After Dr. Sho tears the paper, what would you expect to happen to the mass of the torn pieces
The mass of all the torn pieces of the paper should equal the mass of the original piece of notebook paper. The matter was not destroyed, it just changed form after it was torn into pieces
What is a key difference between mixtures and solutions?
What is A mixture is not evenly mixed and a solution is evenly mixed.
The label on a chemical in a science laboratory reads, “Strong Acid.” Based on this label, what can a student best determine about the chemical
It has a low pH
The _______ of a substance is the amount of that substance that can dissolve in a certain amount of a given solvent.
Solubility
Liam is constructing a model showing how a sound wave travels through a solid, liquid and gas. He understands there is a relationship between the speed of the wave and the type of medium (or material) it travels through.
Sound waves travel the fastest through a solid then a liquid and the slowest in a gas.
Gordon has a beaker of a strong acid hydrochloric acid and a beaker of a strong base sodium hydroxide. Describe the pH of both substances. If Gordon decides to combine the contents of the two beakers, what would you predict would happen?
a chemical reaction would take place that produces water and salt.
Even though atoms are much too small to see, experiments have helped scientists learn about the subatomic particles that compose atoms. The current model of an atom has a nucleus in the center surrounded by an electron cloud. Which of these parts of the atom has the greatest mass? Explain your reasoning.
The nucleus of an atom has the greatest mass because it contains the neutrons and proton
1. A flashlight runs on a battery. If the light is left on, the battery runs out and the flashlight stops working, why?
The battery has given all of its stored chemical energy.