True or false: A roller coaster cart at the top of the roller coaster, not moving but about to go down a huge hill, has maximum potential energy. If false, what kind of energy does the cart have?
True
100
True or false: a nucleus is a particle that has a neutral charge. If false, what word should replace nucleus?
False; Neutron
100
Na+Cl-->NaCl. In this chemical equation, is sodium (Na) a reactant or product? Is chlorine (Cl) a reactant or product?
Chlorine and sodium are both reactants in the equation.
100
What does The Law of Conservation of Mass say?
Mass can neither by created nor destroyed.
200
What kind of mixture is Kool-Aid?
Kool-Aid is an example of a homogenous mixture.
200
Anytime energy is transformed from one kind to another, some energy is always transformed into __________ energy.
Thermal
200
True or false: Beryllium has an atomic number of 4. That means it has 2 protons and 2 electrons. If false, how many protons and neutrons does Beryllium have?
False; Beryllium has 4 protons and 4 electrons.
200
Name 5 signs of a chemical reaction
Possible Answers: Changes in properties, formation of a solid, formation of a liquid, gas production, color change, change in odor, light given off, release/absorption of energy
200
What does The Law of Conservation of Energy say?
Energy can neither by created nor destroyed.
300
What are two ways of separating mixtures?
Possible answers: Gravity/Centrifuge, Filtration, Magnetism, Evaporation, and Distillation.
300
What are conductors and insulators?
Conductors are materials that conduct heat well, insulators are materials that do not conduct heat well.
300
Helium is in group 18. How many valences electrons does it have?
8
300
What is the difference between and endothermic and exothermic reaction?
In an endothermic reaction, the energy released from the breaking of bonds is less than energy required to form new bonds. Endothermic reactions have to absorb energy from the surrounding area to get enough energy to make new bonds. In an exothermic reaction, energy released from the breaking of bonds is greater than required to form new bonds. Exothermic reactions give off energy into the surrounding area.
300
What does The Kinetic Theory of Matter say?
All matter is made up of atoms that are in constant motion.
400
True or False: Chemical Change and Chemical Properties are the same thing. If false, what is the difference?
False. Chemical properties describe the chemical changes that will or will not occur to a substance. Chemical change is the process by which the substance changes.
400
What is an example of nonrenewable and renewable energy?
Nonrenewable: Fossil fuels (petroleum, natural gas, and coal), nuclear energy
Renewable: Solar energy, wind energy, biomass, hydroelectric energy, geothermal energy
400
A negative ion has ________ one or more electrons.
Gained
400
True or false: If I was protected by a piece of aluminum foil, I would be a able to stop a beta particle from reaching me.
True.
400
What are the three temperature scales and who uses each one?
Fahrenheit- Used by U.S
Celsius- In metric scale, used by most other countries besides U.S
Kelvin- Used only by scientists
500
Which state of matter has the fastest particle motion? Which state of matter has the slowest particle motion? Finally, which state of matter has the particle motion speed between the fastest and slowest? *NOT INCLUDING PLASMA
Gas has the fastest particle speed. Solid has the slowest particle speed. Liquid's particle speed is in between a solid and gas's particle speeds.
500
_________ is the transfer of heat energy by direct conduct of one particle to another.
Conduction
500
A nonmetal atom just bonded with another atom. The nonmetal atom took a valence electron from the other atom to give it a full outer layer of electrons. What kind of bond just occurred and what kind of atom (nonmetal or metal) did the nonmetal bond with?
Ionic bond; a metal atom
500
Describe the length in sugar chains between simple and complex carbohydrates.
Simple carbohydrates have sugar chains that have 2 or less chains. In complex carbohydrates, sugar chains usually have 3 or more sugar chains.
500
What stops a chain reaction from getting out of control?
To prevent chain reactions, engineers must keep many of the released neutrons from hitting other uranium nuclei.