The Basics
compounds made of only two elements
What are binary compounds?
sodium + chlorine =
What is sodium chloride?
a chemical reaction in which two or more substances react to form a single compound
What is a synthesis reaction?
the energy stored in chemical bonds
What is chemical energy?
a covalently bonded group of atoms that has a positive or negative charge and acts as a unit
What is a polyatomic ion?
an amount of a substance that contains approximately 6.02 x 1023 particles of the substance
What is a mole?
magnesium + flourine =
What is magnesium flouride?
a chemical reaction in which one element takes the place of another element in a compound
the energy required to start a reaction
What is activation energy?
a measure of how strong the bond is, measured in kilojoules
What is bond energy?
6.02 x 1023
What is Avogadro's number?
calcium + iodine =
a chemical reaction in which a compound breaks down into two or more simpler substances
What is a decomposition reaction?
a chemical reaction that releases energy to its surroundings
What is an exothermic reaction?
a substance that speeds up a reaction
What is a catalyst?
used to designate cations with metals with more than one cation
What are Roman numerals?
potassium + hydrogen =
What is potassium hydride?
a chemical reaction in which two compounds exchange positive ions and form new compounds
What is a double replacement reaction?
a chemical reaction in which a substance reacts rapidly with oxygen, often producing heat and light
What is a combustion reaction?
What is four?
"Energy cannot be created or destroyed, it can only be transformed from one type to another."
What is the law of conservation of energy?
beryllium + bromine
What is beryllium bromide?
when energy provided by electricity causes water to decompose into hydrogen gas and oxygen gas
What is water electrolysis?
a chemical reaction that absorbs energy from its surroundings
What is an endothermic reaction?
In water electrolysis, _____ must be added to keep the reaction going.
What is energy?