NEWTON'S LAWS
This law states an object at rest stays at rest unless acted on by an unbalanced force.
Newton's First Law/Inertia
This is the general definition of potential energy.
Stored energy or energy of position
This is the general definition of kinetic energy.
The energy of motion
This is the difference between speed and velocity.
Velocity includes direction
This force pulls all objects toward each other.
Gravity
This formula mathematically represents Newton's Second Law.
F=ma
This type of potential energy depends on an object's height and mass.
Gravitational Potential Energy
These are the two variables used to calculate kinetic energy.
Mass and velocity/speed
Acceleration is defined as the change in this over time.
Velocity
This force opposes motion between two surfaces that are touching.
Friction
Newton's Third Law states that for every action, there is one of these.
An equal and opposite reaction
A compressed spring or stretched rubber band has this type of energy.
Elastic Potential Energy
If you double the mass of a moving object, the kinetic energy does this.
It doubles
This is the standard unit for acceleration.
m/s²
These two factors determine the strength of gravitational pull between two objects.
Mass and distance
This property describes an object's resistance to changing its motion.
Inertia
Food and batteries contain this type of potential energy.
Chemical Potential Energy
If you double the speed of a moving object, the kinetic energy does this.
It quadruples/increases by four
An object moving in a circle at a constant speed is still doing this because its direction is changing.
Accelerating
This type of friction occurs when an object moves through a liquid or gas.
Fluid friction/Air resistance
If you apply the same force to an object with double the mass, the acceleration does this.
It is cut in half
On a roller coaster, potential energy is at its maximum at this point.
The highest point of the track
This is the SI unit used to measure energy.
Joules
This is the acceleration of a car that goes from 0 to 30 m/s in 6 seconds.
5 m/s²
This is the weight of an object with a mass of 10kg on Earth
98 Newtons