A
What are straight-chain carbons?
One continuous chain or path of carbon atoms. It can bend, but only has one path.
Under which three circumstances are chemical bonds formed?
When atoms gain or lose electrons.
When atoms share electrons.
When electrostatic attractions hold atoms together.
Why is a compound different from the separate elements that made the compound?
Ex. water - hydrogen & oxygen
Chemical bonding changes the properties.
What are hydrocarbons?
Compounds made of carbon and hydrogen.
What are proteins?
They are formed by linking amino acids and are the building blocks of muscles, blood, and skin. meats, dairy, eggs, beans, nuts.
What are branch chain carbons?
Chains of carbon atoms that do not have a straight path and contain at least one, "branch."
How do you know how many atoms are represented in a chemical formula?
By the symbol of the element and subscripts.
How were organic compounds originally defined?
Compounds made by living organisms that contain the "vital force."
What is a saturated hydrocarbon?
hydrocarbons that contain only single bonds between carbon atoms. They are saturated with hydrogen.
What are lipids?
organic compounds of fats, oils, cholesterol, and waxes
How are polymers made?
made by linking identical monomers or by connecting different ones.
What are monomers?
small molecules that are put together to form polymers.
What is the octet rule?
The rule that states atoms are generally most stable when they have eight electrons in their valance energy level.
What is an unsaturated hydrocarbon?
hydrocarbons that contain double or triple bonds between carbon atoms.
What are nucleic acids?
contain the code for cellular processes. Cells cannot exist without them.
What is a ring?
Organic molecules that form a ring by connecting two ends of a continuous chain. They can also contain branches.
What is a chemical formula?
A shorthand way of identifying a chemical compound.
What is biochemistry?
The study of the chemistry of living things.
What is an isomer?
Two molecules with the same molecular formula but structures differ.
What are carbohydrates?
The primary energy source for humans and animals: sugar, sucrose, fructose, fruits, grains, many vegetables
How can knowledge about macronutrients be used to fulfill the Creation Mandate?
Better diets, heal illness, better growth among the young, better mental health and development.
What is a covalent bond?
A chemical bond formed as the result of two atoms sharing electrons.
What are nucleotides?
Nucleic acids linked together
2 Types - RNA, DNA
What is a substituted hydrocarbon?
Where one of the hydrogen atoms is replaced/substituted with a different atom to create a new substance.
What are amino acids?
organic molecules used to make proteins. About twenty are needed in humans.