The Atom
What is the center of an atom called?
The Nucleus
What does the Law of Conservation of Charge state?
That charges can only be transferred, not created or destroyed
What is the symbol for current and what is current measured in?
Symbol is I, and it's measured in Amperes
What is the closed path that an electric current follows?
Electric circuit
What is power?
the rate at which electrical energy is converted to another form of energy
What are the positively charged particles in an atom called?
Protons
Do like charges attract, repel, or have no reaction?
Repel
What force pushes the electric current in a specific direction?
Voltage differences
What type of circuit only has one path for the current to follow and is often used in battery-powered devices?
Series circuit
How much power is in a circuit with a current of 0.5 Amperes and a voltage difference of 120 Volts?
P = IV
Power = Current x Voltage differences
Power = 0.5 A x 120 V = 60 Watts
What are the particles without charges in an atom called?
Neutrons
Do opposite charges attract, repel, or have no reactions?
attract
What is resistance?
the tendency for a material to resist the flow of electrons and to convert electrical energy into other forms of energy, like thermal energy
Why do homes use parallel circuits?
So you can turn one thing off without affecting anything else in the circuit
What types of batteries often power cars?
Wet cell batteries
What are the negatively charged particles called?
Electrons
What is a transfer of charge between two objects because of a buildup of static electricity?
Static discharge or lightning
What type of current do power outlets have? What about battery powered devices?
Alternating current in power outlets
Direct current in battery-powered devices
What is a closed circuit?
When all the parts of a circuit are connected and current is flowing through them
If a microwave with a power rating of 1,500 Watts is used for 30 minutes a day, how much energy does it use in a week?
E = Pt
Energy = Power x time
Energy = 1,500 W x 0.5 hours x 7 days
Energy = 5,250 Watt-hours = 5.25 Kilo-Watt-hours
Which two types of particles are in an atom's nucleus?
Neutrons and Protons
What is static electricity?
The accumulation of excess electric charge on an object
How much current is in a circuit with a voltage difference of 12 Volts and a resistance of 6 Ohms?
I = V/R
Current = Voltage difference/Resistance
Current = 12 V / 6 O = 2 Amperes
Name two safety devices used in circuits
Electrical fuse and circuit breaker
An air conditioner with a power rating of 2.5 kW is used for 24 hours. If the cost of electricity is $0.10 per kWh, how much would running the air conditioner cost for those 24 hours?
E = Pt
Energy = Power x time
Energy = 2.5 kW x 24 hours = 60 kWh
Cost = Energy x cost per kWh
Cost = 60 kWh x $0.10/kWh = $0.60