Atomic Structure and Periodic Table
Where in an atom are protons found?
The nucleus
Fluorine (F) is a nonmetal. It has a strong tendency to complete its outermost shell of electrons and form an ion. How will F form its ion?
It will gain 1 electron and form F-
What are ionic compounds made of?
Metal and nonmetal elements
What do atoms do in a covalent bond? (Transfer or share electrons?)
Share electrons
What is the most electronegative element?
Fluorine
An atom of an element has 6 protons, 6 neutrons, and 6 electrons. A different isotope of an element would have: ______ protons, ______neutrons, and _____ electrons
6 protons, 6 electrons, anything but 6 neutrons
What happens when a sodium atom becomes a sodium ion?
A valence electron is lost
Giselle is pairing ions to create stable binary ionic compounds. She knows that the sum of charges of the two ions must be zero in order for the compound to be stable. Which ion could be paired with a potassium ion, K+, to form a stable binary compound?
Fluorine, Chlorine, Bromine, or Iodine
What is the correct name for N2O3?
dinitrogen trioxide
Name 3 nonmetals
carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, fluorine, phosphorous, sulfur, chlorine, selenium, bromine, iodine, and noble gases, etc.
Hydrogen is in group 1 of the periodic table. However, it does not share most of the properties of the other group 1 elements. Hydrogen is placed in this position because it has _____ valence electron(s).
one
Describe the difference between Carbon-12 and Carbon-14
Carbon-14 has 8 neutrons, Carbon-12 has 6
What is the chemical formula for sodium bromide?
NaBr
What is the formula for phosphorous dioxide?
PO2
This group of elements called the noble gases typically do not react with other elements. This is true because noble gases tend to have _______________
Helium rarely combines with other elements. Chemists have placed helium on the far right end of the periodic table to allow it to be in the same column as the ________________
Noble Gases
What is the overall charge of the compound sodium chloride?
0
What is the formula for the compound formed when a potassium ion and a sulfide ion unite?
K2S
One molecule of dinitrogen tetroxide contains:
two nitrogen and four oxygen atoms
An unknown substance is tested and found to be:
1) dull
2) non-conductive
3) brittle
Is this substance a metal, metalloid, or nonmetal?
nonmetal
Gracie writes down some facts about oxygen from the periodic table. Her facts are:
1) It has 6 valence electrons
2) It is a nonmetal
3) It forms an anion when it gains one electron
What mistake did Gracie make?
Oxygen gains 2 electrons when it forms an anion
Magnesium is highly reactive and often forms an ion. List two elements that form ions with the same charge as magnesium.
Beryllium, Calcium, Strontium, Barium, or Radium
What is the formula for a compound containing only Lithium and Oxygen?
Li2O
What is the name of the compound with one carbon and one oxygen atom?
carbon monoxide
What group is chlorine in (name, not number)? Is chlorine a metal or a nonmetal, and what ion does it form?
halogen group, nonmetal, forms a 1- anion when it gains one electron