The Scientific Method
What is the first step of the scientific method?
1. Make an observation / ask a question
What is the SI unit of mass?
The SI unit of mass is the kilogram (kg).
How do you calculate the density of an object?
Density is calculated using the formula:
Density = Mass / Volume
What is Newton's First Law of Motion?
An object at rest will stay at rest, and an object in motion will stay in motion at a constant velocity unless acted upon by an external force.
Which type of friction occurs when an object is not moving?
Static friction occurs when an object is at rest and resists the initiation of motion.
What is a hypothesis?
A hypothesis is a testable prediction or explanation for an observation or phenomenon.
What is the SI unit of length?
The SI unit of length is the meter (m).
f a substance has a mass of 100 g and a volume of 50 cm³, what is its density?
Density = 100 g / 50 cm3 = 2 g/cm3
What is the formula for calculating force? (Hint: Newton's Second Law of Motion)
Force is calculated using the formula: F = ma
m = mass
a = acceleration
Why does it take more force to start pushing a heavy object than to keep it moving once it’s in motion?
The force required to start pushing the object is greater because static friction (which resists the initiation of motion) is stronger than sliding friction (which resists motion once the object is moving).
After conducting an experiment, what should you do with your results?
Analyze the results and then draw conclusions based on the data.
Convert 250 grams (g) to kilograms (kg).
1 kilogram = 1000 grams, so:
250 g = 0.25kg
What would happen to the density of an object if you increased its mass but kept the volume the same?
The density would increase because density is directly proportional to mass.
What is the difference between speed and velocity?
Speed is a scalar quantity that refers to how fast something is moving, while velocity is a vector quantity that includes both speed and direction.
Why do car tires have tread patterns?
Tread patterns increase the friction between the tires and the road, improving traction and preventing slipping, especially in wet conditions.
What is the difference between an independent variable and a dependent variable?
The independent variable is the one that is changed or manipulated, while the dependent variable is the one that is measured in response to the changes.
Example:
Independent variable - amount of water
Dependent variable - size of plants, number of leaves, living or dead, etc.
Convert 1500 milliliters (mL) to liters (L).
1 liter = 1000 milliliters, so:
1500 mL = 1.5L
If a block of metal has a density greater than that of water, will it float or sink in water?
It will sink, because its density is greater than the density of water.
If an object experiences a net force of 10 N and has a mass of 2 kg, what is its acceleration?
Using F = ma,
a = F / m = 10 N / 2 kg = 5 m/s2
What is the acceleration due to gravity on Earth?
The acceleration due to gravity on Earth is approximately 9.8 m/s2.
What is required for a hypothesis to be considered valid?
The experiment must result in the exact same data every time it is repeated.
Convert 3500 centimeters (cm) to meters (m).
1 meter = 100 centimeters, so:
3500 cm = 35m
What is the unit for volume in the SI system?
The SI unit for volume is the cubic meter (m³), but in practical applications, liters (L) and milliliters (mL) are also commonly used.
What does Newton's Third Law of Motion state?
Newton's Third Law states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
How do mass and distance affect the force of gravity between two objects?
The force of gravity increases as the mass of the objects increases.
The gravitational force decreases as the distance between the two objects increases. It follows an inverse square relationship.