Forces and Motion
The chart below shows four identical wagons loaded with different amounts of bricks.
Wagon W two pounds of bricks
Wagon X three pounds of bricks
Wagon Y four pounds of bricks
Wagon Z five pounds of bricks
If the same amount of effort is applied to all four identical wagons, why would Wagon W move farthest?
A. It has the least amount of mass, affecting its motion.
B. It has the least amount of speed, affecting its motion.
C. It has the greatest amount of gravity, affecting its motion.
D. It has the greatest amount of friction, affecting its motion.
A. It has the least amount of mass, affecting its motion.
Greg’s family is planning a trip, and want to choose the method of transportation that travels with the most speed. Which should Greg’s family choose? (speed = distance ÷ time)
A. a bus traveling 60 km every two hours
B. a car traveling 60 km every four hours
C. a train traveling 120 km every four hours
D. a plane traveling 120 km every two hours
D. a plane traveling 120 km every two hours
Physical and chemical properties can be used to classify substances. Which of these shows a chemical property?
A. Silver melts.
B. Magnesium burns.
C. Sulfur is a yellow solid.
D. Aluminum conducts heat.
B. Magnesium burns.
Which best describes an example of heat transfer through radiation?
A. getting warm in front of a portable heater
B. burning your finger on a curling iron
C. ironing a dress shirt and tie
D. cooking soup on the stove
A. getting warm in front of a portable heater
Maya adds 6 grams of sugar to a bottle containing 14 grams of warm water. What is the total weight of the sugar and water?
A. 6 grams
B. 8 grams
C. 14 grams
D. 20 grams
D. 20 grams
Chris climbs onto a skateboard ramp halfway between the top and the bottom of the ramp. Because gravity acts on Chris, which is most likely to happen?
A. He won’t move.
B. He will roll up the ramp.
C. He will roll down the ramp.
D. He will float above the ramp.
C. He will roll down the ramp.
Jose was driving to New York City. He traveled 100 miles in the first hour of the trip and 20 miles in the last hour of his trip. Which can we say about Jose’s drive? (speed = distance ÷ time)
A. Jose drove less than 120 miles.
B. Jose drove faster the first hour of his drive.
C. Jose drove slower the first hour of his drive.
D. Jose drove the same speed for the entire drive.
B. Jose drove faster the first hour of his drive.
Which is a chemical change?
A. frying an egg
B. boiling water
C. breaking a glass cup
D. crushing a piece of bread
Which best describes how heat moves from one solid to another solid?
A.through conduction
B.through convection
C.through insulation
D.through radiation
A. through conduction
Johnny tore a sheet of paper into pieces. How does the mass of all the pieces compare to the mass of the sheet before it was torn?
A. The total mass of the pieces would be greater than the mass of the whole sheet.
B. The total mass of the pieces would be less than the mass of the the whole sheet.
C. The total mass of the pieces would be more than twice the mass of the whole sheet.
D. The total mass of the pieces would be the same as the the mass of the whole sheet.
D. The total mass of the pieces would be the same as the the mass of the whole sheet.
Ana is pushing a wheelbarrow of rocks. She stops and unloads half of the rocks. How will this effect the force needed to move the wheelbarrow?
A. Gravity is increased, making the wheelbarrow easier to move.
B. Gravity is decreased, making the wheelbarrow harder to move.
C. Friction is increased, making the wheelbarrow harder to move.
D. Mass is decreased, making the wheelbarrow easier to move.
D. Mass is decreased, making the wheelbarrow easier to move.
Object Y traveled 700 meters in 10 seconds. Object Z traveled 500 meters in 10 seconds. How much faster was Object Y than Object Z? (speed = distance ÷ time)
A. 2 meters per second
B. 20 meters per second
C. 40 meters per second
D. 60 meters per second
B. 20 meters per second
Which action causes a chemical change?
A. leaves dropping from a tree
B. leaves blowing in the wind
C. leaves being burned in a fire
D. leaves being crushed into pieces
C. leaves being burned in a fire
Which best explains how a fluid is heated?
A. by radiation
B. by respiration
C. by convection
D. by conduction
C. Convection
Jack can split logs without any chips falling from them. He cuts a tree stump into four logs. He then splits each log into two smaller pieces, making a total of eight pieces of wood. Which best explains the mass of the eight pieces of split wood?
A. The split wood’s mass is less than the mass of the original stump.
B. The split wood’s mass is the same as the mass of the original stump.
C. The split wood’s mass is more than the mass of the stump because there are more pieces.
D. The mass of the four logs is the same as the original tree stump, but the final mass of the eight pieces is less than the original tree stump.
B. The split wood’s mass is the same as the mass of the original stump.
Chris attaches a sheet of sandpaper to the top of his skateboard. How does this sandpaper most likely affect Chris’s skateboarding?
A. It protects the skateboard from any damage.
B. It allows Chris to steer the skateboard in a variety of directions.
C. It reduces the effect gravity has on the skateboard as he moves down the ramp.
D. It increases friction between the skateboard and Chris’s foot to keep him from slipping.
D. It increases friction between the skateboard and Chris’s foot to keep him from slipping.
This table shows the mass of four toy cars:
Car Mass
W 10 g
X 20 g
Y 30 g
Z 40 g
Which car will roll the farthest when all cars are pushed at the same time with the same amount of force?
A. Car W
B. Car X
C. Car Y
D. Car Z
A. Car W
Which describes a chemical change?
A. sugar dissolving in tea
B. sunshine warming a sidewalk
C. scissors cutting paper into pieces
D. acid in the stomach digesting food
D. acid in the stomach digesting food
Which best explains why a metal ice cream scoop works more efficiently than a plastic ice cream scoop when dipped in warm water prior to scooping the ice cream?
A. The metal heats more quickly than the plastic.
B. The plastic heats more quickly than the metal.
C. The metal insulates against heat.
D. The plastic conducts heat.
A. The metal heats more quickly than the plastic.
John, Jacob, and Jamian were creating figures with modeling clay. They divided a 90-gram bar of clay. John and Jamian combined their clay to make one large figure, then Jacob added his. What happened to the mass of the figure they created?
A. The resulting figure’s mass would be about 180 grams, since John and Jamian’s figure had twice as much clay.
B. The resulting figure’s mass would be about 90 grams, since the divided clay was formed back together.
C. The resulting figure’s mass would be about 30 grams, since the original bar was divided into thirds.
D. The resulting figure’s mass would be about 270 grams, since all three boys combined their clay.
B. The resulting figure’s mass would be about 90 grams, since the divided clay was formed back together.
Billy rolls a toy truck filled with marbles across the kitchen floor. He then dumps the marbles before rolling it back to his starting location. How would the speed of the truck most likely change on the way back?
A. The speed would increase due to friction.
B. The speed would increase due to a change in mass.
C. The speed would decrease due to a change in mass.
D. The speed would decrease due to a change in gravity.
B. The speed would increase due to a change in mass.
Mason pushed a cart containing a stack of textbooks and stopped suddenly. Which would most likely happen to the books on the cart?
A. The books would slide sideways off of the cart.
B. The books would slide off the front of the cart.
C. The books would slide off of the back of the cart.
D. The books would stay stacked until the cart moves again.
B. The books would slide off the front of the cart.
Which is an example of a physical change?
A. grounding coffee beans
B. burning logs
C. baking a cake
D. mixing baking soda and vinegar
A. grounding coffee beans
Which explains how most metals react to being heated?
A. They become brittle.
B. They contract.
C. They expand.
D. They break.
C. They expand.
Sam built a rocket using a full set of blocks. How would taking the rocket apart effect the total mass of the blocks?
A. The total mass of the blocks would double.
B. The total mass of the blocks would be the same apart as together.
C. The total mass of the blocks would decrease because they are together.
D. The total mass of the blocks would increase because the blocks are apart.
B. The total mass of the blocks would be the same apart as together.