Pure Substances & Mixtures
Katie’s teacher has given her a sample that contains a mixture of salt, sand, and metal shavings. She is instructed to separate the mixture into the three individual components.
Which physical property would Katie use in the first step in separating this mixture?
Density
Magnetism
Melting point
Electrical conductivity
Magnetism
Nickel (Ni) is an element in Group 10 on the Periodic Table.
Which of the following best describes the relationship of nickel with the other elements in Group 10?
Each element has 10 electron shells
Each element has 10 protons in its nucleus
Each element shares similar physical properties
Each element can combine together to make compounds
Each element shares similar physical properties
Joey is performing an experiment in science class. He mixes two liquids in a test tube. Soon, gas bubbles appear at the surface of the test tube.
Which of the following describes what is most likely taking place?
A physical change is causing a change in phase from liquid to gas.
A chemical change has caused the liquids to undergo combustion and the substance is boiling.
A physical change is causing the solution to exhibit different properties than the original substances.
A chemical change has resulted in the production of a new substance, which is being given off as a gas.
A chemical change has resulted in the production of a new substance, which is being given off as a gas.
Sunlight is the primary source of energy on planet Earth. It travels through space in different wavelengths that produce different forms of energy.
Which form of energy from the Sun provides the warmth needed to sustain life?
infrared radiation
ultraviolet radiation
radio waves
microwaves
infrared radiation
While hiking through a forest, you discover an unknown object. You want to identify what it is, so you take the object to a lab where you can determine its density and compare it to known substances The mass of the object measures 798 g and the volume is 76 mL.
What is this object?
wood .85 g/ml
aluminum 2.7 g/ml
steel 7.8 g/ml
silver 10.5 g/ml
silver 10.5 g/ml
Jacob makes a pitcher of Kool-Aid by mixing a package of Kool-Aid powder and sugar into water. The sugar and Kool-Aid dissolved in the water.
Which of the following describes the Kool-Aid?
compound
solution
pure substance
heterogeneous mixture
solution
Atoms are composed of small parts, some of which determine what kind of matter it is, and some which determine whether it will bond with other atoms to form different substances.
Which part of the atom is found inside its nucleus?
Protons
Neutrons
Electrons
Protons and Neutrons
Protons and Neutrons
Allison measures the total mass of a sample of baking soda, a balloon, and a glass container with vinegar in it. She adds the baking soda to the vinegar and immediately places the balloon over the mouth of the container. After the reaction is complete, she again measures the total mass of the substances.
Which statement is true about this investigation?
Mass is gained during the reaction because a chemical change is taking place
The mass does not change because chemical changes observe the law of conservation of mass
Mass is lost during the reaction because the gas is less dense than the baking soda or vinegar
Mass is lost during the reaction because the gas can change in volume, but baking soda and vinegar cannot
The mass does not change because chemical changes observe the law of conservation of mass
What type of radiation has a larger wavelength than those found in the visible light spectrum?
ultraviolet light
infrared light
gamma ray
x ray
infrared light
Travis draws a model to show how the particles in matter appear.
Model A shows particles neatly arranged in columns and rows, vibrating in place. Model B shows particles sliding over one another. Model C shows particles moving fast in all directions.
Which model represents how the particles would appear in a liquid?
Model A
Model B
Model C
Both Model B and C
Model B
When 10g of toothpaste (base) is mixed with 20mL of lemon juice (acid) a reaction occurs and a new substance becomes neutral.
How would you classify the new substance?
element
heterogenous mixture
salt
combustion
salt
DAILY DOUBLE!
Ryan and his family are visiting a theme park and he wants to ride a roller coaster.
At which point in the ride would he expect to have the greatest amount of potential energy?
At the beginning for the ride
At the highest point of the ride
At the lowest point of the ride
At the end of the ride
At the highest point of the ride
How does an increase in temperature affect the rate that a chemical reaction occurs?
Increasing temperature speeds up a reaction because there are more collisions and the collisions have higher energy.
Increasing temperature slows down a reaction because there are fewer collisions and the collisions have lower energy.
Decreasing temperature speeds up a reaction because there are more collisions and the collisions have higher energy.
Increasing or decreasing temperature has no effect on a reaction.
Increasing temperature speeds up a reaction because there are more collisions and the collisions have higher energy.
During the July 4th celebration at the Jacksonville Landing, Marcus saw fireworks exploding in the air. He heard the booming noise a few moments later.
What is the best explanation for Marcus seeing the fireworks before hearing the sound?
Sound travels twice as fast than light travels in air
Light travels through air and sound doesn’t
Sound and light travel at the same speed in air
Light travels faster in air than sound
Light travels faster in air than sound
Lin places a warm soda into the freezer so that it will be cold enough for her to drink later.
What happened to the soda when it was placed into the freezer?
Cold moved from the soda to the freezer
Heat moved from the soda to the freezer
Cold moved from the freezer into the soda
Cold moved from the freezer into the air
Heat moved from the soda to the freezer
DAILY DOUBLE!
Jayden rode his bike to school this morning.
Which of the following describes the transformation of energy needed to pedal his bike?
Chemical energy transforms to mechanical energy
Mechanical energy transforms to electrical energy
Electrical energy transforms to mechanical energy
Mechanical energy transforms to chemical energy
Chemical energy transforms to mechanical energy
DAILY DOUBLE!
When Darius flips on a light switch in his bedroom, energy moves to an overhead light.
Which of the following occurs when this energy is transferred from the switch to the light?
The amount of energy increases in the light
The amount of energy decreases in the light
The amount of energy stays the same in the light
The amount of energy increases, then decreases in the light
The amount of energy increases in the light
Erin and Elana are competing to see who is the strongest at arm wrestling. Erin is exerting a force of 90 N and Elana is exerting a force in the opposite direction of 80 N.
At this point of the competition, who is winning and what is the net force?
Erin, 90 N
Elana, 80 N
Erin, 10 N
Elana, 170 N
Erin, 10 N
Andrew is conducting an investigation in order to figure out which color material will absorb the most of the light energy. He shines a lamp on white, black and red paper. He places a thermometer on the paper and records temperature after 3 hours.
What statement best explains why the black paper had the highest temperature?
Light was reflected off of the black paper
More light was refracted through the black paper
More light was transmitted through the black paper, heating the table
More light was absorbed by the black paper, transforming to thermal energy
More light was absorbed by the black paper, transforming to thermal energy
After three hours, Lin checked her soda and found that it was frozen.
Which of the following would be the reason that the soda froze?
Cold air moved from the freezer to the soda
Energy in the soda increased, causing its particles to move together
Cold air moved from the freezer to the can
Energy in the soda decreased, causing its particles to move together
Energy in the soda decreased, causing its particles to move together
When an object falls through the atmosphere there are two forces acting on the object. Gravity pulls the object down, and air resistance pushes up on the object. After about eight seconds of free fall the object reaches terminal velocity, the force of the air resistance pushing up will be equal to the force of gravity pulling down.
Which of the following best describes the motion of the object when these two forces are equal?
The object will stop falling.
The object will begin to move upward.
The object will change directions.
The object will fall at a constant (steady) speed.
The object will fall at a constant (steady) speed.
On a distance time graph, an object is shown to be traveling at a constant and fast speed.
What would the graph look like?
A straight, steep angled, line
A flat, horizontal line
A line the curves upward
A line the curves downward
A straight, steep angled, line
Hydrogen (H) is a highly flammable substance. In its liquid state/phase, it is used as rocket fuel. Helium (He) is not flammable and in its gaseous state/phase is commonly used to inflate balloons so they will float in the air.
Which of the following best explains why these two elements have different physical properties?
Helium cannot change into a liquid state/phase like hydrogen can
Hydrogen is much denser than helium is
Hydrogen and helium have different numbers of protons in their nucleus
Hydrogen is an element and helium is a compound
Hydrogen and helium have different numbers of protons in their nucleus
When two hydrogen (H) atoms chemically combine with one oxygen (O) atom, a molecule of water (H2O) is produced.
How is the water classified?
Mixture
Element
Compound
Base
Compound
On a distance time graph, an object is shown to have stopped, not moving.
What would the graph look like?
A straight, steep angled, line
A flat, horizontal line
A line the curves upward
A line the curves downward
A flat, horizontal line