Centripetal Force & Acceleration
What is the direction of the centripetal force in circular motion?
Toward the center of the circular path.
What is the formula for kinetic energy?
KE=1/2(mv^2)
What is the formula for momentum?
p=mv
What is the definition of torque?
Torque is the tendency of a force to cause rotation around an axis.
What is Hooke’s Law?
Hooke’s Law states that the stretch of a spring is directly proportional to the applied force, Fapp=kx
What is the formula for centripetal acceleration when velocity V and radius R are known?
ac=v2/r
How does the kinetic energy change if the object's velocity is halved?
The kinetic energy becomes one fourth of its previous value
What is the relationship between impulse and momentum?
Impulse is equal to the change in momentum (J=Δp).
What is the formula for torque (τ)?
τ=F⋅ℓ
What is the formula for the period T of a mass m attached to a spring?
Answer: T=2(Sqrrt)mkT
If a mass mmm is moving with velocity v in a circle with radius r, what is the formula for centripetal force?
Fc=mv2/r
What does the principle of conservation of mechanical energy state?
Mechanical energy cannot be created or destroyed, only converted from one form to another.
What is the SI unit for impulse?
Newton-seconds (N·s) or kg·m/s.
What does the principle of conservation of angular momentum state?
The total angular momentum of a closed system remains constant if no external torque is applied.
What is the relationship between period and frequency?
Period and frequency are inversely related T=1/f
How does the centripetal force change if the speed of the object is doubled?
The centripetal force increases by a factor of four.
What is the formula for gravitational potential energy?
PE=mgh
If a cart’s momentum changes from 5.0 kg·m/s to 15.0 kg·m/s, what is the impulse exerted on the cart?
10.0 kg·m/s.
How does the angular velocity change if the rotational inertia of a system is doubled while conserving angular momentum?
The angular velocity is halved.
What is the SI unit of the spring constant k?
N/m or kg/s².
If the length of the string in a pendulum is halved, how will the centripetal force change, assuming the mass remains constant?
The centripetal force will double.
If an object is sliding down a ramp, and its height decreases, what happens to its gravitational potential energy?
Its gravitational potential energy decreases and is converted into kinetic energy.
What happens to the momentum of an object in a collision if there is no net external force acting on the system?
Momentum is conserved.
In the experiment with a spinning disk and a disk dropped on top, what happens to the angular velocity of the combined system?
The angular velocity decreases because the total rotational inertia increases.
How does doubling the mass mmm of the object attached to a spring affect the period of oscillation?
The period increases by a factor of sqrt 2