OPTICS
What process describes the bending of light as it passes from one medium into another?
Refraction
Which famous theoretical physicist formulated the Special and General theories of relativity?
Albert Einstein
What metric is defined as the measure of the average kinetic energy of particles in a substance?
Temperature
What vector quantity represents an object's rate of change of position in a given direction?
Velocity
What physical quantity is defined as the total distance traveled divided by the total time taken?
Speed (or average speed)
Which type of lens curves outward and converges light rays to a single focal point?
Convex lens (or converging lens)
In Einstein's famous equation E = mc2, what variable does the letter "c" represent?
The speed of light in a vacuum
What is the primary mode of heat transfer that occurs through direct physical contact between solid objects?
Conduction
What type of mechanical energy does an object possess purely due to its motion?
Kinetic Energy
What fundamental law of electric circuits states that voltage equals current multiplied by resistance (V = IR)?
Ohm's Law
What visual phenomenon occurs when white light splits into a spectrum of colors upon passing through a prism?
Dispersion
According to special relativity, can an object with non-zero mass travel at or above the speed of light?
No
Which law of thermodynamics states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed?
First Law of Thermodynamics (Law of Conservation of Energy)
What force keeps an object moving in a circular path, directing it continuously toward the center of curvature?
Centripetal Force
Which of Newton's Laws states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction?
Newton's Third Law of Motion
Which primary colors of light combine in equal intensities to form white light?
Red, Green, and Blue
According to Special Relativity, what happens to the passing of time for an object as its speed approaches the speed of light relative to an observer?
Time slows down (Time dilation)
Which state of matter expands to completely fill both the volume and shape of its container?
Gas
What point in a physical body represents the average location of its total mass distribution?
Center of Mass
What force pulls objects toward the center of the Earth with an acceleration of approximately 9.8m/s2?
Gravity (or gravitational force)
What law states that the angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection?
The Law of Reflection
What phenomenon occurs when time passes more slowly for an object moving near the speed of light compared to an observer at rest?
Time dilation
What state of thermal balance is reached when two objects in contact no longer exchange heat energy?
Thermal Equilibrium
What vector quantity is calculated as the product of an object's mass and its velocity?
Linear Momentum (p = mv)
What device relies on electromagnetic induction to step up or step down AC voltages?
Transformer