Matter
What are the four states of matter observable in everyday life?
Solid, Liquid, Gas, and Plasma
What is thermal energy?
Thermal energy is heat.
What is energy?
Energy is the ability to do work or cause change.
Kinetic Energy + Potential Energy = ?
(?=KE+PE)
Mechanical Energy
What is the second law of motion?
Force equals mass times acceleration.
Which two states of matter have a definite volume?
Solid and Liquid
What is sonic energy?
Sonic energy is sound.
Light rays can be absorbed, reflected, or what else? This is when light rays bend due to the change of medium the light travels trough.
Light rays can be absorbed, reflected, or refracted.
The 2nd Law of Motion can be depicted as what formula that includes acceleration, mass, and force?
F=ma
What is the third law of motion?
For every action, there is a reaction equal in size and opposite in direction.
Which states of matter have no definite shape?
Liquid, Gas, and Plasma
What is radiant energy?
Radiant energy is a type of energy carried by electromagnetic waves and can travel through space.
What type of energy travels through a complete and unbroken circuit?
Electrical energy travels through a complete and unbroken circuit.
Einstein's famous equation known as the Mass-Energy Equivalence is what formula?
For 300 bonus points, what does each unit represent?
E=mc2
Energy = mass * the speed of light2
What is the first law of motion?
An object will remain at rest or move in a straight line at a constant speed unless acted on by an outside force.
What does the Kinetic Theory of Matter state?
The Kinetic Theory of Matter states that all matter is made of tiny particles in constant motion.
What is mechanical energy?
Mechanical energy is the energy an object possesses due to its motion or position.
What type and form of energy is the energy an object has due to its location in a gravitational field?
Gravitational Potential energy is the energy an object has due to its location in a gravitational field.
To calculate density, what formula do you need to use?
Density equals mass divided by volume
or
D= m/v
There are two toy cars. One has a mass of 30 grams and the other has a mass of 40 grams. The two toy cars are pushed with the same force of 2 newtons on identical tracks. Which car will have a greater acceleration?
The 30 gram car will have a greater acceleration.
Freezing is the process of turning from a liquid to a solid. Melting is the process of turning from a solid to a liquid. Evaporation is the process of turning from a liquid to a gas. Condensation is the process of turning from a gas to a liquid.
What are the processes of turning from from a solid to a gas and turning from a gas to a solid?
Deposition is the process of turning from a gas to a solid and sublimation is the process of turning from a solid to a gas.
Nuclear energy can be found in the nucleus of an atom. What are the two ways to extract nuclear energy and what is the process?
Nuclear fission splits the nucleus of an atom. Nuclear fusion combines atomic nuclei into a larger atom. Both processes release nuclear energy.
Using each type of heat transfer at least once, describe the water cycle.
The Sun heats water via radiation. This causes the water to evaporate. The ground heats the air via conduction. This causes the water vapor to rise. The convection currents in the atmosphere circulates the cool air and the rising warm air. As the warm air cools due to conduction, it condenses and precipitation occurs, returning the water to the ground.
What is the formula to calculate enthalpy?
H=U+PV
(where H is heat, U is internal energy, P is pressure, and V is volume)
Which force did we learn about that is not real and only perceived?
Centrifugal force is not a real force. It is only perceived as a force pushing something out from a rotating system.