Waves & EM Spectrum
What wave property describes the height of a wave?
Amplitude
What cloud of gas and dust forms stars?
Nebula
What type of galaxy is the Milky Way?
Spiral galaxy
What does acceleration describe?
A change in speed or direction
Which law explains why passengers move forward when a car stops suddenly?
Newton’s First Law
Which wave property is measured in Hertz (Hz)
Frequency
What stage of a star’s life does our Sun belong to?
Main sequence
Name the three main types of galaxies.
Spiral, elliptical, irregular
What happens to acceleration if force increases and mass stays the same?
Acceleration increases
Which law explains why pushing harder makes an object move faster?
Newton’s Second Law
What happens to wavelength when frequency increases?
Wavelength decreases
What is the next stage for a low-mass star after becoming a red giant?
White dwarf
Where is Earth located in the universe?
In the solar system in the Orion Arm within the Milky Way galaxy
What happens to acceleration if mass increases and force stays the same?
Acceleration decreases
Which law explains how rockets launch into space?
Newton’s Third Law
Which electromagnetic wave has the lowest energy?
Radio waves
What explosive event occurs when a high-mass star runs out of fuel?
Supernova
Which galaxy type usually contains mostly older stars and little gas?
Elliptical galaxy
Write Newton’s Second Law as an equation.
F=ma or a =F/m
How do seatbelts demonstrate Newton’s First Law?
They stop your body from continuing to move forward due to inertia.
Compare gamma rays and radio waves in terms of wavelength, frequency, and energy.
Gamma rays have high frequency, short wavelength, and high energy; radio waves have low frequency, long wavelength, and low energy.
Why do high-mass stars have shorter life cycles than low-mass stars?
They burn fuel faster and release more energy
Explain why irregular galaxies do not have a defined shape
They are often affected by gravity from other galaxies or past collisions.
A 10 kg object is pushed with a net force of 50 N. What is its acceleration?
5 m/s²
Explain how all three of Newton’s laws work together during a rocket launch.
Inertia resists motion, force causes acceleration, and action–reaction pushes the rocket upward.