1D & 2D
Kinematics
Kinematics
Unlike speed, which is a scalar, this quantity is a vector that describes both the rate and the direction of an object's motion.
What is velocity?
This SI unit of force is defined as the amount of force required to accelerate 1 kg of mass at a rate of 1 m/s2.
What is a Newton?
This fundamental force attracts any two objects with mass toward each other, regardless of how far apart they are.
What is Gravity?
Named after an English physicist, this is the standard SI unit used to measure both work and energy.
What is the Joule?
If you see "60W" printed on a lightbulb, it is a measurement of this, the rate at which the bulb consumes energy every second.
What is power?
Defined as the rate of change of velocity, its standard SI unit is m/s2.
What is acceleration?
Newton’s Second Law is most commonly expressed by this three-letter algebraic equation.
What is F = ma?
This type of force occurs when two surfaces slide (or attempt to slide) across each other, always acting parallel to the surface.
What is friction?
This type of potential energy depends on an object's height above a reference point and the strength of gravity.
What is gravitational potential energy?
Primarily used in automotive contexts, one unit of this "animal-themed" power measurement is approximately equal to 746 Watts.
What is horsepower?
In 2D projectile motion, this horizontal component of acceleration is always assumed to be zero because gravity only acts vertically.
What is ax (or horizontal acceleration)?
According to Newton's Third Law, if Object A exerts a force on Object B, Object B exerts a force of this magnitude back on Object A.
What is equal (and opposite)?
This type of sketch uses arrows to represent all the forces acting on an object, used by physicists to simplify complex problems.
What is a free-body diagram?
This law states that energy can neither be created nor destroyed, only transformed from one form to another.
What is the Law of Conservation of Energy?
Once a football leaves a quarterback's hand, it becomes this type of object, moving horizontally at a constant speed while falling vertically.
What is a projectile?
In the absence of air resistance, the path of a projectile launched at an angle follows this specific mathematical curve.
What is a parabola?
This is the specific name for the pulling force transmitted through a string, rope, or cable when it is pulled taut.
What is tension?
When the force of air resistance equals the force of gravity on a falling object, the object has reached this constant speed.
What is terminal velocity?
This theorem states that the net work done on an object is exactly equal to the change in this specific type of energy.
What is kinetic energy?
In a car engine, much of the chemical energy in gasoline is "lost" to the environment as this, rather than doing useful work.
What is heat (or thermal energy)?
If you are looking at a graph of acceleration versus time, the "area under the curve" represents this specific change in the object's motion.
What is the change in velocity?
For an object to move in a circle, a "center-seeking" net force must be present, defined by the formula (mv^2)/r
What is centripetal force?
Unlike simple friction, the force of air resistance (drag) on a high-speed object is proportional to this power of the object's velocity.
What is the square (or v2)?
When this force does work on a system, mechanical energy is not conserved but is instead "lost" as thermal energy.
What is friction?
Cars are designed to "crumple" in a crash to increase the time of the collision, which decreases this, the rate of change of momentum.
What is force?