Motion in 2D
This type of motion involves an object moving in a circle at a constant speed, where the net force is always directed toward the center.
What is Uniform Circular Motion?
Unlike electric or magnetic fields, which can both attract and repel, this fundamental field is always attractive.
What is a Gravitational Field?
This device uses a uniform magnetic field to change the direction of a charged particle's path, but relies on electric fields to increase its speed.
What is a Particle Accelerator (or Synchrotron)?
This component in a DC motor reverses the direction of the current every half-turn to ensure the coil continues to rotate in the same direction.
What is a Split-Ring Commutator?
This law states that in an isolated system, the total amount of this quantity remains constant before and after a collision.
What is the Law of Conservation of Momentum?
This rule is used to determine the direction of the magnetic field produced by a straight current-carrying wire.
What is the Right-Hand Grip Rule?
According to Newton’s Second Law, this is the net force acting on a vehicle of mass m moving at a velocity v around a circular track of radius r.
What is Fnet = mv2/r (Centripetal Force)?
This law states that the magnitude of a gravitational or electric field from a point source decreases in proportion to the square of the distance from the source.
What is the Inverse Square Law?
This is the force acting on a particle with charge q moving at velocity v perpendicular to a magnetic field B.
What is F = qvB?
This law states that the induced EMF is equal to the negative rate of change of magnetic flux.
What is Faraday’s Law (with Lenz’s Law)?
This term refers to a collision where the total kinetic energy is not conserved, often lost as heat or sound.
What is an Inelastic Collision?
This long, thin coil of wire produces a magnetic field similar to that of a bar magnet when a current passes through it.
What is a Solenoid?
When analysing projectile motion, this horizontal component of velocity is assumed to remain constant if we ignore the effects of air resistance.
What is the Horizontal Velocity (vx)?
This term describes a field (like that between two large parallel charged plates) where the field strength and direction are the same at all points.
What is a Uniform Field?
To keep a satellite in a stable circular orbit, this specific force provides the necessary centripetal acceleration.
What is Gravity (Fg = GMm/r2)?
This term describes the product of the magnetic field strength and the area through which the field lines pass perpendicularly.
What is Magnetic Flux? (Phi = BA)
On a Force vs. Distance graph, the area under the curve represents this physical quantity.
What is Work Done (or Energy Transferred)?
In the formula F = nIlB, this variable represents the number of loops of wire in the magnetic field.
What is n?
This term describes the product of the average net force applied to an object and the time interval over which it acts, resulting in a change in momentum.
What is Impulse (I = F Delta t)
While magnetic poles always exist as dipoles (North and South), electric charges and masses can exist as these single-pole entities.
What are Monopoles?
The radius of the circular path of an electron in a magnetic field can be calculated using this formula (where v << c)
What is r = mv/qB
Unlike a DC generator, an AC alternator uses these components to maintain a continuous connection with the rotating coils without reversing the current.
What are Slip Rings?
This is the specific formula used to calculate the elastic potential energy stored in an ideal spring that obeys Hooke’s Law.
What is Ek = 1/2kx^2
This is the force experienced by a current-carrying wire when it is placed parallel to the direction of an external magnetic field.
What is zero?
In a vertical circular loop, this is the specific location where the normal force (or tension) is at its minimum value to maintain the path.
What is the highest point (the top of the loop)?
This is the direction of the electric field lines relative to a positive point charge.
What is radially outward?
This is the amount of work done by a magnetic field on a charged particle moving through it.
What is zero?
According to Lenz's Law, the direction of an induced current will always be such that it creates a magnetic field that does this.
What is opposes the change in magnetic flux?
When an object falls, its gravitational potential energy is transformed into kinetic energy; this is the term for energy that is "lost" to the surroundings during this process.
What is Dissipated Energy?
This is the specific term for a magnetic source that has both a North and a South pole, a characteristic shared by all known magnets.
What is a Dipole?