Intro/ Basic Chem
Biological molecules
Gene Expression
Cells
100
Smallest unit of life?
Cell
100
All macromolecules contain this element
Carbon
100
Lengths of DNA that code for proteins
Genes
100
Functions of Plasma membrane + Define
Phospholipid bilayer that provides boundary for cell, maintains cell shape, & is selectively permeable
200
Polarity of water; What can it dissolve?
Polar; polar molecules/ions, ex. Salt
200
Process involved in joining monosaccharides together
Dehydration Synthesis
200
Differentiate
Triplet, Codon, Anticodon
Triplet-DNA
Codon-mRNA
Anticodon-tRNA
200
Define the 3 types pf cell junctions
Tight -prevent fluid from passing through
Gap-cell to cell communication/sharing
Desmosomes-Strong anchor between cells prevents tearing
300
Bond between an O & H atom in a water molecule
Polar covalent bond
300
The 4 macromolecules & their monomers
Carbohydrates-monosaccharides
Lipids-glycerol & fatty acids
Proteins-Amino acids
Nucleic Acids-nucleotides
300
a) Does the work in transcription
b) Does the work in translation
a) RNA polymerase
b) tRNA
300
a) Prophase: DNA condenses, Spindle apparatus forms, nucleus degrades
b) Metaphase: Chromosomes line up in middle
400
_____ release H+ in a solution, lower pH
_____ bind H+, increase pH
Acids
Bases
400
Protein levels of organization + description; which is not affected by conditions
Primary(single strand AA),Secondary(some folding Beta pleated sheed or Helix),Tertiary(3D shape), Quaternary(2+ Tertiary structures) ; Primary structure not affected
400
Define the two processes involved in protein synthesis + location of each
-DNA sequence copied to mRNA sequence; Nucleus
-mRNA sequence used to make a protein; Ribosome
400
Define Apoptosis + Reasons a cell would undergo it.
Programmed cell death;
Damaged DNA, Infected, Worn out, Unnecessary tissues during development
500
An increase in [H+] ,___________ pH makes the solution more _________.
Decrease;Acidic
500
Types of Fats, differences + examples.
Saturated(single bond, max. H saturation) ex. Bacon, Butter vs Unsaturated(double bond, not saturated w/ H) ex. oils Trans fatty acids(man made solid) Margarine
500
This is how the correct amino acid is added to the codon on mRNA (explain)
ONLY tRNA w/ the correct anticodon can bind to mRNA & add the amino acid.
500
Difference between Mitosis & Meiosis
Mitosis: cell division, 2 daughter cells from 1 cell, daughter cells identical,
Meiosis: Division for reproduction , daughter cells are gametes, genetically unique . Haploid , gametes only have 1 copy of every gene (1/2 DNA, 23 chromosomes)