Physiological Effects of Smoking

question 1

100

Name one of the toxic chemicals formed during heating in vape?

formaldehyde or acrolein 

200

What is the addictive component of cigarettes? 

nicotine 

300

what's the difference between vapes and cigarettes? 

Cigaerettes - involve combustion, produce tar and carbon monoxide

Vaping - heating a liquid without burning tobacco, generally fewer toxic chemicals 

400

Name one component of cigarettes besides nicotine 

Tar, carbon monoxide, carcinogens, toxic metals, other irritants 

question 2

100

what type of receptor does nicotine bind to? 

nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs)

200

what area of the brain does nicotine act on to trigger dopamine release? 

ventral tegmental area (VTA)

300

What receptor subtype of the heart does nicotine bind to causing increased contraction force? 

β1 receptor 

400

What type of neurons does adrenaline bind to in the hypothalamus causing decreased appetite? 

 POMC neurons ? 

question 3

100

name an example of a psychological withdrawal symptom of smoking 

feeling anxious, sad or depressed 

resetlessness or jumpiness 

difficulty concentrating 

200

name a physical symptom of smoking withdrawal? 

trouble sleeping 

increased appetite 

weight gain 

question 4

100

what is nicotine dependence? 

a chronic, relapsing brain condition marked by a compulsive need to use nicotine despite health risks

200

what neurotransmitter is rapidly released when nicotine reaches the brain

dopamine

300

what is the term for needing increasing amounts of nicotine to achieve the same effect because of changes in the brain?

tolerance 

400

how quickly does nicotine reach the brain after inhalation

within seconds (7-10 seconds)