Week 3 Part 2
can pass directly through the plasma membrane
What are small non polar compounds?
the three types of channels
What are leak channels, gated channels, and aquaporins?
how ligands and receptors match
What are complementary (not identical) shape and charge?
the nonpolar ligand that has difficulty getting to its effector and its pathway
What are nonpolar endocrines using an amphipathic plasma binding protein to travel through blood plasma?
how myelination occurs
What are Schwann cells (PNS) or oligodendrocytes (CNS) wrapping plasma membrane, protecting neuronal electrical activity?
how diffusion moves
What is random motion, with a net movement from high to low concentration? (Directly dependent on permeability, surface area, and gradient, and inversely on distance.)
osmotic pressure requirements
What are a semipermeable (non-penetrating solute present) and immobile (no change in volume allowed) membrane?
specificity and affinity
What are if binding occurs (yes/no) and how well they bind (a range)?
where the nonpolar receptor and its receptor go
What is into the nucleus to increase/decrease DNA transcription?
how afferent neurons are different
What is having no dendrites and having a peripheral and central axon terminal?
glycolysis products
What are ATP and pyruvate and NADH (aerobic) or lactate (anaerobic - 11th NZ rxn)?
differences between active transport types
What is PAT using ATP directly to move one or two types of compounds, and SAT using ATP to move two compounds, one of them with its gradient (driving ion)?
competitor types and responses produced
What are agonists (same response) and antagonists (not the same response)?
how the polar ligand and its receptor send message
synapse types, and their speed, prevalence, and direction
What are electrical synapses (faster, less common, bidirectional) and chemical synapses (slower, more common, unidirectional)?
Krebs reactants and products
What are pyruvate/alternative fuels (amino acids/lipids) and 2 ATP, CO2, NADH, and FADH2?
[indirectly dependent on O2!]
primary active transporter example steps
What is the Na+/K+ ATPase Pump?
3 intracellular Na+ bind, with conformation change activating NZ f(x)
ATP adds P (energy)
transporter reorients to ECF
3 Na+ released
2 K+ bind (changing transporter shape, using the rest of the P's energy)
transporter reorients to ICF and 2 K+ are released
non polar ligand's receptor
What is an intracellular receptor in the cytosol or nucleus?
down: What are catabolizing the ligand, catabolizing the receptor (IC), endocytosing the receptor (MB), or impacting something later in the relay?
up: What are anabolizing the receptor (IC), or exocytosing the receptor (MB)?
resting membrane potential and ion gradients
What is -70mV, and Na+ electrically and chemically higher outside, and K+ electrically higher outside and chemically inside?
electron transport chain reactants and products
What are NADH, FADH2, and O2, and 28-34 ATP, NAD+, FAD+, and H2O [or free radical]?
secondary active transporter example steps
What is a Na+/glucose transporter (SGLT)?
Na+ (driving ion) and glucose bind
transporter reorients to ICF
both are released
transporter reorients to GI lumen
[indirectly reliant on ATP for the sodium gradient]
polar ligand's receptor
What is a membrane-bound receptor (integral protein)?
neuron processes
What are dendrites receiving info and an axon terminal releasing NTs?
local change in MP all cells can have
What is a graded potential?